Name of the Procedure:

Cephalogram, Orthodontic (Also known as a Cephalometric X-ray)

Summary

A cephalogram is a specialized type of X-ray used primarily in orthodontics to capture a side view of the head. This image helps orthodontists diagnose and plan treatments for misaligned teeth and jaw abnormalities.

Purpose

The cephalogram is utilized to assess the relationships between dental and skeletal structures of the head. It aids in diagnosing misalignments of the jaw, planning orthodontic treatments such as braces, and evaluating growth patterns in children.

Indications

• Misaligned teeth or jaws
• Facial asymmetry
• Overbite, underbite, or crossbite
• Planning orthodontic treatment, such as braces or corrective surgery
• Monitoring growth and development in pediatric patients

Preparation

• Generally, no special preparation is required.
• Patients should remove any metal jewelry or accessories from their head and neck area.

Procedure Description

1. The patient is positioned standing or sitting in a cephalostat, a device that holds the head still.
2. The X-ray machine positions a film holder beside one side of the head and an X-ray source on the other.
3. The patient is instructed to bite down on a small plastic piece to align the teeth and jaws.
4. The X-ray is taken, which typically takes only a few seconds.
5. The image is developed and reviewed by the orthodontist for treatment planning.

Duration

The procedure typically takes about 5-10 minutes, including positioning and imaging.

Setting

The cephalogram is usually performed in an outpatient setting, such as a dental office or an orthodontic clinic equipped with X-ray facilities.

Personnel

• Orthodontist or Dentist
• Radiologic Technician

Risks and Complications

• Minimal exposure to radiation, which is generally considered safe for both adults and children.
• Rarely, patients may experience discomfort due to the positioning needed.

Benefits

• Accurate diagnosis of orthodontic issues.
• Precise treatment planning for braces or other dental interventions.
• Helps track growth and development in children.

Recovery

• There is no recovery period since the procedure is non-invasive.
• Patients can resume normal activities immediately after the X-ray.

Alternatives

• Panoramic X-rays: Provide a broader view of the mouth but less detailed information about skeletal structures.
• CBCT (Cone Beam Computed Tomography): Offers a 3D image but involves higher radiation doses and is usually more expensive.

Patient Experience

• Patients might feel slight discomfort while being positioned in the cephalostat.
• The procedure is painless and quick.
• Post-procedure, there are no special care instructions needed, and patients can discuss the results with their orthodontist during a follow-up visit.