Name of the Procedure:

Biopsy of testis, incisional (separate procedure)

Summary

An incisional biopsy of the testis involves removing a small sample of tissue from the testis for examination. It helps diagnose various conditions affecting the testis by analyzing the tissue under a microscope.

Purpose

This procedure is performed to diagnose abnormalities in the testis, such as tumors, infections, or other testicular diseases. The goal is to obtain a definitive diagnosis to guide appropriate treatment.

Indications

• Unexplained testicular lumps or masses
• Suspected testicular cancer
• Persistent pain or abnormalities in the testis
• Unexplained infertility
• Conditions that do not respond to initial treatments

Preparation

• Fasting may be required several hours before the procedure.
• Medication adjustments may be necessary, especially blood thinners.
• Pre-procedure imaging tests, such as an ultrasound, might be conducted.
• A physical examination and medical history review will be performed.

Procedure Description

1. The patient is positioned, and local or general anesthesia is administered.
2. The area is sterilized, and an incision is made in the scrotum to access the testis.
3. A small part of the testicular tissue is carefully excised.
4. The incision is then closed with sutures.
5. The tissue sample is sent to a laboratory for analysis.

Duration

The procedure typically takes about 30 to 60 minutes, depending on complexity.

Setting

The biopsy is usually performed in a hospital, outpatient clinic, or a surgical center.

Personnel

• Urologist or surgeon
• Anesthesiologist (if general anesthesia is used)
• Nurses and surgical assistants

Risks and Complications

• Bleeding and infection
• Pain or discomfort in the testis
• Scarring or damage to the testis
• Rarely, impact on fertility
• Anesthesia-related complications

Benefits

• Accurate diagnosis of testicular conditions
• Appropriate treatment planning based on biopsy results
• Potential early detection of testicular cancer

Recovery

• Rest for a day or two post-procedure
• Pain management with prescribed medications
• Avoid strenuous activities for a few days
• Keep the incision site clean and dry
• Follow-up appointment within a week to check healing and discuss results

Alternatives

• Fine Needle Aspiration (less invasive but potentially less definitive)
• Observation and repeat imaging
• Blood tests for tumor markers

• Non-invasive imaging techniques like MRI or ultrasound

  Patient Experience

  During the procedure, the patient might feel slight pressure but should not experience pain if properly anesthetized. Post-procedure, there might be mild to moderate discomfort, swelling, or bruising, which can be managed with pain relief medications. Full recovery is expected within a week, with most patients able to resume normal activities after a few days.