Name of the Procedure:

Frenoplasty, also known as Frenulectomy or Frenotomy; Surgical Revision of Frenum with Z-plasty

Summary

Frenoplasty is a surgical procedure that corrects abnormalities of the frenum, which is a small fold of tissue that secures or restricts the movement of a mobile organ in the body. The procedure often employs a technique called Z-plasty to improve movement and function.

Purpose

Frenoplasty is performed to address issues caused by an abnormal frenum such as difficulty with speech, breastfeeding in infants, or movement restrictions of the tongue or lip. The goal is to release the tight or restrictive tissue, thus improving the affected function.

Indications

This procedure is recommended for patients experiencing:

• Speech difficulties due to a tight frenum, often referred to as tongue-tie (ankyloglossia).
• Breastfeeding issues in infants due to restricted tongue or lip movement.
• Periodontal problems or gaps between teeth due to a tight frenum.

Preparation

Patients are typically advised to:

• Follow fasting instructions as provided if general anesthesia is involved.
• Adjust or pause certain medications as guided by the healthcare provider.
• Undergo preliminary diagnostic tests, such as oral examinations or imaging, to assess the frenum's condition.

Procedure Description

1. Anesthesia: Local or general anesthesia is administered to prevent pain.
2. Incision: A surgical incision is made around the frenum.
3. Z-plasty Technique: The Z-plasty technique is used to create a Z-shaped incision, which allows tissue repositioning to reduce tension.
4. Reconstruction: Tissue is rearranged and sutured to provide a more functional and aesthetic result.
5. Closure: The surgical area is closed with sutures.

Specialized surgical instruments are used for cutting and suturing.

Duration

The procedure typically takes about 30 minutes to 1 hour.

Setting

Frenoplasty is usually performed in a hospital or outpatient surgical center.

Personnel

A team of healthcare professionals including:

• Surgeon (usually an oral or maxillofacial surgeon)
• Anesthesiologist (if general anesthesia is used)
• Surgical nurses

Risks and Complications

• Common: Pain, swelling, bruising, minor bleeding.
• Rare: Infection, adverse reaction to anesthesia, nerve damage, scarring, recurrence of the tight frenum.

Benefits

• Improved range of motion for the tongue or lip.
• Resolution of speech impediments or breastfeeding problems.
• Enhanced oral hygiene and reduced periodontal risks. Benefits are generally realized shortly after the procedure as the surgical site heals.

Recovery

• Care: Apply ice packs to reduce swelling, take prescribed pain relievers, and maintain oral hygiene.
• Instructions: Follow a soft diet, avoid strenuous activity, refrain from using a straw or any sucking action.
• Time: Recovery typically lasts 1 to 2 weeks. Follow-up appointments are needed to ensure proper healing.

Alternatives

• Non-Surgical: Stretching exercises, speech therapy.
• Pros and Cons: Non-surgical options are less invasive but may not be as effective for severe cases. Surgical alternatives like simple frenotomy without Z-plasty may offer quicker procedures but less optimal outcomes in terms of function and aesthetics.

Patient Experience

During the procedure, under anesthesia, patients should not experience discomfort. Post-surgery, they might feel mild to moderate pain, which can be managed with pain relievers. Swelling and limited movement are expected and usually subside within a few days.