Name of the Procedure:

Biopsy of tongue; anterior two-thirds
Common name(s): Tongue Biopsy

Summary

A biopsy of the tongue’s anterior two-thirds is a medical procedure where a small sample of tissue is taken from the front section of the tongue. This sample is then analyzed in a laboratory to diagnose various conditions.

Purpose

The biopsy is done to investigate abnormal growths, lesions, or ulcers on the tongue. The goal is to diagnose the cause of these abnormalities, which could range from infections to cancer.

Indications

• Unexplained sores or ulcers on the tongue that do not heal.
• Suspicious lumps or growths.
• Persistent pain or changes in texture on the tongue.
• Precancerous or cancerous conditions.
• Unexplained numbness or loss of sensation.

Preparation

• Fasting might be required for a few hours prior to the procedure.
• Adjustment or cessation of certain medications may be necessary.
• Pre-procedure assessments may include blood tests and imaging studies.
• Discussion of medical history, allergies, and previous reactions to anesthesia.

Procedure Description

1. The patient is positioned comfortably, usually in a dental chair.
2. Local anesthesia is administered to numb the area.
3. Once numbed, a small section of tissue from the targeted area of the tongue is excised using a scalpel or biopsy tool.
4. The tissue sample is placed in a special container and sent to a lab for pathological analysis.
5. The biopsy site may be sutured to aid healing or apply pressure to control bleeding.
6. The procedure site is cleaned and the patient receives post-procedure care instructions.

Duration

The procedure typically takes about 15-30 minutes.

Setting

The biopsy is usually performed in an outpatient clinic, dental office, or hospital setting.

Personnel

• Oral Surgeon or ENT Specialist (Otolaryngologist)
• Nurse or Medical Assistant
• Pathologist (for tissue analysis)

Risks and Complications

• Common: Slight bleeding, minor pain, or swelling at the biopsy site.
• Rare: Infection, excessive bleeding, adverse reactions to anesthesia, scarring, or prolonged numbness.

Benefits

• Accurate diagnosis of lesions or abnormalities.
• Early detection of potentially serious conditions, such as oral cancer.
• Appropriate treatment planning based on biopsy results. Benefits are typically realized after the pathological analysis, which may take a few days.

Recovery

• Follow post-procedure care instructions, including mouth rinses and avoiding certain foods.
• Pain relief may be managed with over-the-counter medication.
• Usually, recovery occurs within a few days.
• Avoid strenuous activities that could aggravate the biopsy site.
• Follow-up appointment to discuss results and further management.

Alternatives

• Watchful waiting for minor, non-worrisome lesions.
• Imaging studies (e.g., MRI or CT scans) as non-invasive alternatives, though they may not be as definitive.
• Fine needle aspiration (less invasive but also less conclusive).

Patient Experience

During the procedure, the patient may feel pressure but should not feel pain due to local anesthesia. Post-procedure, mild discomfort or soreness is common, which can be managed with pain relievers and proper oral care. Sensory changes or mild bleeding may occur but typically resolve quickly.