Name of the Procedure:

Biopsy or Excision of Lymph Node(s) by Needle, Superficial (e.g., Cervical, Inguinal, Axillary)

Summary

A superficial lymph node biopsy or excision by needle involves removing a small sample of lymph node tissue using a needle. This minimally invasive procedure is typically performed to diagnose or rule out certain medical conditions affecting the lymph nodes.

Purpose

This procedure is conducted to diagnose diseases such as infections, cancer, or autoimmune disorders that affect the lymph nodes. The main goal is to obtain a tissue sample for microscopic examination, which helps in making an accurate diagnosis and formulating a treatment plan.

Indications

• Swollen or enlarged lymph nodes (lymphadenopathy)
• Unexplained lymph node changes detected through imaging
• Symptoms suggestive of lymphoma or metastasis
• Persistent infections affecting the lymph nodes
• Autoimmune diseases involving the lymphatic system

Preparation

• Follow pre-procedure instructions given by your healthcare provider, which may include fasting or medication adjustments.
• Complete necessary blood tests or imaging studies as directed.
• Inform your doctor of any allergies, current medications, or underlying health conditions.

Procedure Description

1. The patient is positioned comfortably, and the target area is sanitized.
2. Local anesthesia is administered to numb the area.
3. Using ultrasound or another imaging technique for guidance, the physician inserts a fine needle into the lymph node.
4. A small sample of tissue is collected and sent to a lab for analysis.
5. Pressure is applied to the site to stop any bleeding, followed by a small bandage.

Duration

The procedure typically takes about 15 to 30 minutes.

Setting

This procedure is usually performed in an outpatient clinic, hospital, or a surgical center.

Personnel

• Medical doctor, often a radiologist, oncologist, or surgeon
• Nurse or medical assistant
• Ultrasound or imaging technician (if applicable)

Risks and Complications

• Infection at the biopsy site
• Bleeding or hematoma
• Pain or discomfort during or after the procedure
• Rarely, injury to nearby tissues or structures
• False negative or non-diagnostic results

Benefits

• Provides a definitive diagnosis or rules out certain conditions
• Minimally invasive with a quick recovery time
• Helps guide treatment decisions

Recovery

• Apply an ice pack to reduce swelling and pain
• Keep the biopsy site clean and dry
• Follow any specific post-procedure instructions provided by your healthcare team
• Normal activities can typically be resumed within a day
• Schedule and attend follow-up appointments to discuss biopsy results

Alternatives

• Watchful waiting or monitoring without immediate biopsy
• Surgical excisional biopsy for a larger tissue sample
• Imaging modalities such as CT, MRI, or PET scans

Patient Experience

• You may feel a slight pinch or pressure during needle insertion
• Local anesthesia minimizes discomfort during the procedure
• Mild soreness or bruising at the biopsy site is common but usually resolves within a few days
• Pain management options include over-the-counter pain relievers as needed

By understanding this procedure, patients can make informed decisions and know what to expect before, during, and after the biopsy.