Name of the Procedure:

Radical Resection of Tumor (e.g., Sarcoma), Soft Tissue of Thigh or Knee Area; 5 cm or Greater

Summary

Radical resection of a tumor is a surgical procedure to remove a large tumor (5 cm or greater) from the soft tissues in the thigh or knee area. This involves cutting out the tumor along with some surrounding healthy tissue to ensure that no cancerous cells remain.

Purpose

This procedure is primarily aimed at treating soft tissue sarcomas, which are a type of cancer that develops in the soft tissues (like muscles, fat, and connective tissues). The goal is to completely remove the tumor to prevent its spread and reduce the risk of recurrence.

Indications

• Presence of a soft tissue mass in the thigh or knee area larger than 5 cm.
• Diagnosis of sarcoma through biopsy.

• Symptoms like pain, swelling, or impaired mobility due to the tumor.

  Preparation

• Patients may be required to fast for 8 hours before the surgery.
• Adjustment or cessation of certain medications as advised by the doctor.
• Preoperative imaging tests like MRI or CT scans.
• Blood tests and possibly a biopsy for precise diagnosis.

Procedure Description

1. Anesthesia: The patient is given general anesthesia.
2. Incision: A surgical cut is made over the tumor site.
3. Excision: The surgeon carefully removes the tumor, including a margin of surrounding healthy tissue to ensure clean borders.
4. Closure: The incision is then closed with stitches or staples, and a drain may be placed to prevent fluid buildup.
5. Dressing: The wound is dressed to protect it from infection.

Tools and Equipment: Surgical scalpels, retractors, sutures, and potentially a surgical drain.

Duration

The procedure typically takes between 2 to 4 hours depending on the tumor's size and complexity.

Setting

The surgery is conducted in a hospital operating room or a specialized surgical center.

Personnel

• Lead Surgeon (specializing in oncology or orthopedic surgery)
• Surgical Assistants
• Anesthesiologist
• Operating Room Nurses
• Surgical Technicians

Risks and Complications

• Infection at the incision site
• Bleeding or hematoma
• Damage to surrounding muscles, nerves, or blood vessels
• Anesthesia-related risks
• Scarring or wound healing issues
• Potential need for additional treatments like radiation or chemotherapy

Benefits

• Complete removal of the tumor, potentially curing the cancer.
• Pain relief and restoration of function in the affected area.

• Reduced risk of cancer spread or recurrence.

  Recovery

• Hospital stay may last from a few days to a week.
• Pain management with medications.
• Instructions on wound care and activity limitations.
• Physical therapy might be recommended.
• Follow-up appointments for monitoring and stitches removal.
• Recovery period typically ranges from several weeks to a few months.

Alternatives

• Radiation Therapy: Can shrink the tumor before surgery or be used if surgery isn't feasible.
• Chemotherapy: Used for specific types of sarcoma.

• Targeted Therapy or Immunotherapy: Based on individual tumor genetics.

  Pros of alternatives include non-invasiveness, while cons might be less immediate removal of the tumor or a higher recurrence rate.

Patient Experience

• During the Procedure: Patients will be under general anesthesia and won't feel anything.
• After the Procedure: Patients may experience pain and swelling at the surgical site, managed with pain relief medications.
• Comfort Measures: Use of ice packs, prescribed pain relievers, and guidance on optimal positioning to minimize discomfort.

Patients should follow their care team's recommendations closely to ensure the best possible recovery and outcome.