Name of the Procedure:

Excision of Synovial Cyst of Popliteal Space (Baker's Cyst Excision)

Summary

Excision of a Baker's cyst, also known as a synovial cyst of the popliteal space, is a surgical procedure to remove a fluid-filled sac that forms behind the knee. This cyst can cause pain, swelling, and restricted movement.

Purpose

The procedure addresses the presence of a Baker's cyst that may result in pain, swelling, and difficulty moving the knee. The goal is to alleviate these symptoms and prevent recurrence.

Indications

• Persistent pain or discomfort in the knee
• Swelling behind the knee
• Restricted range of motion
• Failure of non-surgical treatments such as medication, physical therapy, or fluid aspiration

Preparation

• Fasting for 8-12 hours before surgery
• Stopping certain medications as instructed by the physician
• Diagnostic tests such as MRI or ultrasound to confirm the cyst and its size

Procedure Description

1. The patient is given regional or general anesthesia to ensure comfort.
2. An incision is made behind the knee to access the cyst.
3. The cyst is carefully excised, ensuring minimal disruption to surrounding tissues.
4. The incision is closed with sutures, and a sterile bandage is applied.

The procedure typically involves surgical tools like a scalpel, forceps, and possibly arthroscopic instruments.

Duration

The procedure usually takes around 45 minutes to 1 hour.

Setting

Performed in a hospital or an outpatient surgical center.

Personnel

• Orthopedic surgeon
• Anesthesiologist
• Surgical nurse
• Scrub technician

Risks and Complications

• Infection
• Bleeding
• Damage to surrounding structures (nerves, blood vessels)
• Recurrence of the cyst
• Deep vein thrombosis (DVT)
• Adverse reactions to anesthesia

Benefits

• Relief from pain and swelling
• Improved knee mobility
• Enhanced quality of life and daily function Benefits are often realized within a few weeks post-surgery, once initial healing occurs.

Recovery

• Pain management with prescribed medications
• Keeping the leg elevated to reduce swelling
• Use of crutches if necessary
• Physical therapy to regain motion and strength
• Follow-up appointments to monitor healing and remove sutures
• Full recovery typically takes several weeks

Alternatives

• Non-surgical treatments like aspiration of the cyst, physical therapy, corticosteroid injections
• While less invasive, these alternatives might provide temporary relief and have a higher chance of recurrence compared to surgical removal.

Patient Experience

During the procedure, the patient is under anesthesia and will not feel pain. Post-procedure, there might be some pain and swelling, managed with medications and ice packs. Most patients can return to normal activities within a few weeks, with some modifications based on the surgeon's advice.