Name of the Procedure:

Medial Canthopexy (Medial Canthal Tendon Suspension)

Summary

Medial canthopexy is a surgical procedure designed to tighten and support the inner corner of the eyelids (medial canthal region). This helps in correcting eyelid malpositions, providing better eyelid function and appearance.

Purpose

• Addresses: Eyelid malpositions such as medial canthal tendon laxity, medial ectropion, or traumatic injuries.
• Goals: To restore proper eyelid positioning, ensure normal eyelid function, and improve cosmetic appearance.

Indications

• Patients experiencing symptoms like excessive tearing or eye irritation due to eyelid malposition.
• Individuals with congenital conditions, trauma, or age-related changes that affect the medial canthal region.
• Prior surgical failures or complications necessitating additional support to the medial canthal tendon.

Preparation

• Pre-procedure Instructions: Patients may need to fast for a certain period before the procedure if general anesthesia is used. Avoiding certain medications like blood thinners may be necessary.
• Diagnostic Tests: Comprehensive eye examination and possibly imaging studies to assess the anatomy of the eyelid and surrounding structures.

Procedure Description

• Step-by-Step:
  1. The patient is administered local or general anesthesia.
  2. An incision is made near the inner corner of the eyelid.
  3. The medial canthal tendon is located and either tightened or reattached to provide adequate support.
  4. The incision is closed with sutures.
• Equipment: Surgical instruments like scalpels, forceps, and sutures.
• Anesthesia: Local anesthesia with sedation or general anesthesia, depending on patient and surgeon preference.

Duration

The procedure typically takes about 30 to 60 minutes.

Setting

Performed in a hospital, outpatient clinic, or surgical center.

Personnel

• Ophthalmic or plastic surgeon.
• Surgical nurse.
• Anesthesiologist or nurse anesthetist (if general anesthesia is used).

Risks and Complications

• Common Risks: Infection, bleeding, bruising, swelling.
• Rare Complications: Scarring, unintended changes in eyelid position, recurrence of the original issue, and visual disturbances. Management may include medications, additional surgeries, or specific interventions for complications.

Benefits

• Expected Benefits: Improved eyelid function and appearance, reduction in symptoms like tearing or irritation.
• Timeframe: Patients usually notice improvements in function and appearance within a few weeks post-surgery.

Recovery

• Post-procedure Care: Antibiotic ointment or drops, pain management medications, and instructions to keep the surgical area clean.
• Recovery Time: Generally, 1 to 2 weeks for initial recovery; full recovery may take a few months.
• Restrictions & Follow-up: Avoid strenuous activities, follow-up appointments with the surgeon to monitor healing.

Alternatives

• Other Options: Non-surgical treatments like lubricating eye drops for symptom relief, alternative surgical procedures such as lateral canthopexy or full canthoplasty, and conservative management.
• Pros and Cons: Non-surgical treatments are less invasive but may not provide a permanent solution. Alternative surgeries might be suitable depending on the specific condition and patient preference.

Patient Experience

• During the Procedure: Minimal discomfort with local anesthesia; some patients may feel pressure or pulling.
• After the Procedure: Mild to moderate pain managed with medications, swelling, and bruising. Comfort measures include cold compresses and head elevation to reduce swelling.