Name of the Procedure:

Removal of Drug-Delivery Device(s), Intra-Articular

Summary

This procedure involves the removal of a drug-delivery device that has been implanted in a joint (intra-articular) to deliver medication directly to the area. It is often conducted in addition to another primary procedure.

Purpose

Medical Condition or Problem Addressed: The removal of a drug-delivery device that is no longer needed, malfunctioning, causing discomfort, or leading to complications.

Goals/Expected Outcomes: To safely remove the device to prevent infection or other adverse effects, restore joint function, and alleviate any associated symptoms.

Indications

Symptoms/Conditions Warranting the Procedure:

• Pain or discomfort at the site of the implanted device
• Signs of infection (redness, swelling, fever)
• Device malfunction or migration
• Completion of the treatment course delivered by the device

Patient Criteria/Factors:

• Verified need for device removal as advised by a healthcare professional
• No contraindications for a minor surgical procedure

Preparation

Pre-Procedure Instructions:

• Follow specific fasting guidelines if instructed (typically not required for minor removal procedures)
• Adjustments to current medications as advised by the healthcare provider
• Complete required diagnostic tests, such as imaging studies (X-rays, MRI) to assess the device's position

Procedure Description

Step-by-Step Explanation:

1. The patient will be positioned comfortably, often in a reclining position.
2. Local anesthesia will be administered to numb the area around the joint.
3. A small incision is made over the site of the implanted device.
4. The device is carefully located and gently removed.
5. The incision site is then closed with sutures or surgical adhesive.
6. A sterile dressing is applied.

Tools and Equipment Used:

• Scalpels or surgical scissors
• Forceps
• Sutures or surgical adhesives
• Sterile dressings

Anesthesia Details:

• Local anesthesia to numb the area; sedation may be used if necessary for patient comfort.

Duration

The procedure typically takes 30 to 60 minutes.

Setting

Performed in an outpatient clinic, hospital, or surgical center.

Personnel

• Orthopedic surgeon or specialized physician
• Nurses or surgical assistants
• Anesthesiologist or nurse anesthetist (if sedation is used)

Risks and Complications

Common Risks:

• Minor bleeding
• Infection at the incision site
• Pain or discomfort at the site post-procedure

Rare Risks:

• Allergic reaction to anesthesia
• Injury to surrounding tissues or structures
• Device remnants remaining in the joint

Possible Complications:

• Prolonged pain or swelling
• Joint stiffness
• Need for additional surgery if complications arise

Benefits

Expected Benefits:

• Relief from symptoms caused by the device
• Prevention of further complications
• Restoration of normal joint function

Benefit Realization: Most patients experience relief and improved joint function within a few weeks post-procedure.

Recovery

Post-Procedure Care and Instructions:

• Keep the incision area clean and dry
• Follow prescribed pain management regimen
• Avoid strenuous activities involving the affected joint

Expected Recovery Time:

• Recovery typically takes 1-2 weeks
• Follow-up appointment within 1-2 weeks to assess healing and remove sutures if necessary

Alternatives

Other Treatment Options:

• Continued monitoring and treatment without device removal (if no urgent symptoms)
• Revision or replacement of the drug-delivery device
• Non-surgical management with medications or physical therapy

Pros and Cons of Alternatives:

• Non-surgical options may avoid risks associated with surgery but might not address underlying issues causing discomfort or malfunction.

Patient Experience

During the Procedure:

• Mild discomfort from local anesthesia injection
• Pressure or pulling sensations during device removal but no pain due to anesthesia

After the Procedure:

• Mild to moderate pain managed with prescribed medications
• Minor swelling and bruising around the incision site
• Instructions for pain management and keeping the site clean will be provided.