Injection(s); single or multiple trigger point(s), 3 or more muscles
CPT4 code
Name of the Procedure:
Injection(s); single or multiple trigger point(s), 3 or more muscles
Common names: Trigger point injections, TPI
Summary
Trigger point injections involve injecting medication directly into trigger points, which are painful "knots" in muscles. These injections help relax the muscle and relieve pain.
Purpose
Medical Conditions: This procedure addresses myofascial pain syndrome and muscle tension. Goals: The aim is to alleviate pain, reduce muscle tightness, and improve function.
Indications
Symptoms: Persistent muscle pain, muscle knots, limited range of motion. Criteria: Patients with chronic myofascial pain who have not responded to other treatments.
Preparation
Pre-procedure Instructions: No specific fasting required. Patients should inform the healthcare provider of any medications they are taking. Assessments: A thorough physical exam and possibly imaging studies to identify the trigger points.
Procedure Description
- Identification: The healthcare provider locates the trigger points through palpation.
- Preparation: The skin over the trigger point is cleaned with an antiseptic.
- Injection: A fine needle is inserted into the trigger point(s). A combination of anesthetic and, sometimes, a corticosteroid is injected.
- Repeat: Steps are repeated for 3 or more muscles as needed. Tools: Fine needles, antiseptic solution, anesthetic medication, corticosteroids (optional). Anesthesia: Local anesthesia is typically used.
Duration
The procedure usually takes about 20-30 minutes.
Setting
Performed in a hospital, outpatient clinic, or pain management center.
Personnel
The procedure is typically performed by a physician, often a pain management specialist or a primary care provider. A nurse may assist.
Risks and Complications
Common Risks: Soreness at the injection site, light bleeding, bruising. Rare Complications: Infection, allergic reaction, nerve damage. These are managed with appropriate medical intervention if they occur.
Benefits
Expected Benefits: Immediate pain relief in many cases, relaxation of the muscle knot, and improved mobility. Timeframe: Benefits can be felt almost immediately or within a few days.
Recovery
Post-procedure Care: Patients may apply ice to the injection site to reduce soreness. Recovery Time: Patients typically resume normal activities within a day. Follow-up appointments may be recommended to assess the effectiveness and need for additional treatments.
Alternatives
Other Options: Physical therapy, oral pain medications, dry needling, acupuncture. Pros and Cons: Alternatives may be less invasive but might not provide immediate or targeted relief like TPI.
Patient Experience
During the Procedure: Patients may feel a pinch or slight burning sensation. After the Procedure: Mild soreness at the injection site is common. Pain relief can be immediate. Pain management includes over-the-counter pain relievers and ice application.