S83.012A Lateral subluxation of left patella, initial encounter

ICD10CM code

#### Name of the Condition
- Lateral Subluxation of Left Patella, Initial Encounter
- Patellar instability, Patellar dislocation

#### Summary
Lateral subluxation of the left patella occurs when the kneecap partially moves out of its normal position, typically shifting towards the outside of the knee. This initial encounter refers to the first treatment or consultation for the injury.

#### Causes
The condition can be caused by trauma or injury to the knee, congenital knee structure abnormalities, or weakened quadriceps muscles. Overuse in activities such as running or jumping can also contribute to the issue.

#### Risk Factors
Factors that may increase the likelihood of experiencing a patellar subluxation include:
- Participation in sports
- Adolescence and being female (due to anatomical differences)
- A previous history of knee injuries

#### Symptoms
Common symptoms include:
- Knee pain, particularly around the kneecap
- Swelling and tenderness
- A sensation of instability or the knee “giving way”
- Audible popping or clicking 

#### Diagnosis
The diagnosis often involves:
- Physical examination focusing on knee movement and stability
- Imaging tests such as X-rays or MRI to assess the positioning of the patella and rule out fractures

#### Treatment Options
Treatment may involve:
- Rest, ice, compression, and elevation (RICE) to reduce swelling and pain
- Physical therapy to strengthen the muscles surrounding the knee
- Knee bracing or taping to stabilize the kneecap
- In severe cases, surgical intervention such as lateral release or realignment may be necessary

#### Prognosis and Follow-Up
With appropriate treatment, most individuals recover well without long-term complications. Continuous monitoring and physical therapy sessions play key roles in maintaining knee stability and preventing recurrence.

#### Complications
If untreated, complications might include:
- Chronic knee instability
- Frequent dislocations
- Cartilage damage leading to osteoarthritis

#### Lifestyle & Prevention
Preventive measures include:
- Strengthening exercises for the quadriceps and hamstrings
- Wearing proper footwear that supports the knee
- Avoiding activities with high risk of knee injury

#### When to Seek Professional Help
Seek immediate medical attention if there's severe pain, visible deformity, inability to bear weight on the knee, or if the knee locks or becomes immobile.

#### Additional Resources
- [American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons (AAOS)](https://www.aaos.org/)
- [OrthoInfo on Patellar Injuries](https://orthoinfo.aaos.org/en/diseases--conditions/patellar-dislocations/)

#### Tips for Medical Coders
- Ensure accurate coding by confirming the encounter is an initial one.
- Verify that the side of the body is specified as "left" to avoid errors.
- Confirm the use of code S83.012A aligns with the documented details about the patient's condition.

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