Name of the Condition

• Superior Glenoid Labrum Lesion of Left Shoulder (Superior Labrum Anterior to Posterior Tear, SLAP Lesion)

Summary

• A superior glenoid labrum lesion, known as a SLAP tear, is an injury to the labrum, a ring of cartilage surrounding the shoulder socket. This condition specifically affects the left shoulder and can result from trauma or repetitive shoulder use, impacting shoulder stability and function.

Causes

• Common causes include acute trauma, such as a fall on an outstretched arm, forceful lifting, or repetitive overhead activities common in sports like baseball or swimming.

Risk Factors

• Participation in overhead sports, previous shoulder injuries, and occupations requiring repetitive shoulder movement can increase the risk. Aging can also weaken shoulder structures, making injuries more likely.

Symptoms

• Symptoms typically include shoulder pain, particularly with lifting or throwing, a sensation of locking or catching in the shoulder, decreased range of motion, and sometimes a popping or clicking sound.

Diagnosis

• Diagnosis is typically made through a combination of physical examination tests and imaging studies such as MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) to visualize the labrum and assess any tears.

Treatment Options

• Initial treatment may involve rest, physical therapy, and anti-inflammatory medications to reduce pain and improve shoulder function. In more severe cases, arthroscopic surgery might be necessary to repair the tear.

Prognosis and Follow-Up

• With appropriate treatment, many individuals can return to their normal activities. Follow-up typically includes physical therapy to strengthen the shoulder muscles and improve flexibility. Full recovery time can vary but often spans several months post-surgery.

Complications

• If left untreated, SLAP tears can lead to chronic shoulder instability, discomfort, decrease in shoulder strength, and potential arthritis due to altered joint mechanics.

Lifestyle & Prevention

• Engaging in strength and flexibility exercises, adopting proper technique in sports, and avoiding repetitive overhead activities can help prevent SLAP tears. Proper warm-up routines before sports can also reduce risk.

When to Seek Professional Help

• Seek medical attention if you experience persistent shoulder pain, weakness, or an inability to perform overhead activities, especially after trauma or repetitive use injuries.

Additional Resources

• American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons (AAOS) - orthoinfo.aaos.org
• Shoulder & Elbow Surgeons (ASES) - ases.association-career-network.com

Tips for Medical Coders

• Ensure accurate coding by confirming the laterality (left shoulder) and the encounter type (initial encounter) for precise classification under ICD code S43.432A. Avoid confusing with similar shoulder-related codes that denote different types or sites of labral tears.