Name of the Condition

• Split foot, bilateral
• Also known as lobster-claw deformity or ectrodactyly.

Summary

Split foot is a rare congenital condition characterized by the absence or underdevelopment of some toes, leading to a V-shaped cleft in the center of the foot, resembling a lobster claw. It often affects both feet, hence the term "bilateral."

Causes

• Genetic mutations are the primary cause, often involving chromosomal abnormalities or specific gene mutations.
• It can occur as part of a syndrome or as an isolated condition.

Risk Factors

• Family history of congenital limb abnormalities.
• Genetic syndromes, such as EEC syndrome (ectrodactyly-ectodermal dysplasia-clefting syndrome).

Symptoms

• Presence of a deep cleft between toes.
• Missing or malformed toes.
• Potential functional limitations in foot movement.

Diagnosis

• Physical examination at birth.
• Imaging studies, such as X-rays or MRI, to assess bone and soft tissue structure.
• Genetic testing to determine any associated syndromes.

Treatment Options

• Surgical intervention to improve function and appearance of the feet.
• Orthotic devices to aid in mobility.
• Physical therapy to enhance range of motion and strengthen foot and leg muscles.

Prognosis and Follow-Up

• Varies based on the severity of the condition and associated syndromes.
• Regular follow-up is crucial to monitor and manage any functional impairments.
• Many individuals lead active lives with appropriate treatment and support.

Complications

• Difficulty in walking or wearing standard footwear.
• Potential for associated emotional or social challenges due to appearance.

Lifestyle & Prevention

• Engage in physical activities that accommodate and strengthen lower limb functions.
• Genetic counseling for families with a history of the condition can provide insight into recurrence risks.

When to Seek Professional Help

• Immediately seek medical advice if a noticeable cleft or abnormality is observed in a newborn’s feet.
• Regular consultations for concerns about mobility or pain.

Additional Resources

• Genetic and Rare Diseases Information Center (GARD)
• National Organization for Rare Disorders (NORD)
• Ectodermal Dysplasia Society

Tips for Medical Coders

• Ensure the correct use of the ICD code Q72.73 for bilateral involvement.
• Distinguish between isolated split foot and conditions where it is part of a syndrome.
• Avoid confusing with similar limb deformities — check for specificity in medical records.