P96.81 Exposure to (parental) (environmental) tobacco smoke in the perinatal period

ICD10CM code

#### Name of the Condition
- **Exposure to (parental) (environmental) tobacco smoke in the perinatal period**  
- ICD-10 Code: P96.81

#### Summary
- This condition refers to the exposure of a newborn to tobacco smoke from parents or the environment during the perinatal period, which spans from the 22nd week of gestation to seven days after birth. Such exposure is linked to various health risks for the newborn.

#### Causes
- The primary cause is the inhalation of secondhand tobacco smoke by the mother during pregnancy and by the newborn after birth, leading to the intake of harmful chemicals present in tobacco smoke.

#### Risk Factors
- Maternal smoking during pregnancy.
- Living in a household where other family members smoke.
- Staying in environments with poor ventilation where smoking occurs.

#### Symptoms
- Although direct symptoms in the perinatal period may not be apparent, exposure can lead to complications such as low birth weight, preterm birth, and respiratory issues in the infant.

#### Diagnosis
- Diagnosis involves assessing the mother's smoking habits during pregnancy and potentially testing for nicotine levels in the newborn's blood, urine, or meconium.

#### Treatment Options
- The primary approach is prevention through smoking cessation programs for parents.
- Avoidance of tobacco smoke in environments frequented by the infant.
- Supportive care for any respiratory distress or other health issues in newborns.

#### Prognosis and Follow-Up
- With proper preventive measures, the likelihood of adverse outcomes can be reduced.
- Regular pediatric check-ups are essential to monitor the baby's growth and development, especially for parents who smoked or are exposed to smoke.

#### Complications
- Increased risk of Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS).
- Possible long-term respiratory and developmental problems.
- Increased susceptibility to infections.

#### Lifestyle & Prevention
- Encouraging parents to quit smoking and providing resources for doing so.
- Ensuring smoke-free environments in the home and other places the infant frequents.
- Consideration of smoking cessation programs for expectant mothers and families.

#### When to Seek Professional Help
- If an infant shows signs of respiratory distress, such as difficulty breathing or persistent coughing.
- Concerns about growth, development, or recurrent infections in the newborn.

#### Additional Resources
- [American Lung Association](https://www.lung.org)
- [Centers for Disease Control and Prevention - Tobacco Use](https://www.cdc.gov/tobacco)
- [Smoke-free Homes and Cars Information](https://www.epa.gov/smokefree)

#### Tips for Medical Coders
- Ensure accurate documentation of maternal smoking status or environmental exposure.
- Be alert to code distinctions between prenatal exposure and direct infant exposure post-birth.
- Cross-reference with maternal healthcare records for additional context.

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