Search all medical codes
Maxillary hypoplasia
ICD10CM code
Name of the Condition
- Maxillary Hypoplasia
- Also known as: Underdeveloped Maxilla, Midface Hypoplasia
Summary
Maxillary hypoplasia is a condition where the upper jaw (maxilla) is underdeveloped, often leading to issues with facial appearance and dental alignment. This may affect breathing, chewing, and speech.
Causes
- Congenital: Often occurs as a part of a genetic syndrome such as Crouzon or Apert syndrome.
- Trauma: Facial trauma during early childhood can impact maxillary growth.
- Other Factors: Conditions like cleft palate or prolonged mouth breathing during childhood can lead to underdevelopment.
Risk Factors
- Genetic Syndromes: Presence of certain syndromes increases the risk.
- Family History: A family history of craniofacial anomalies can be a significant factor.
- Obstructive Sleep Apnea: Chronic mouth breathing related to this condition might contribute.
Symptoms
- Flattened facial profile due to underdevelopment of the midface
- Dental malocclusion (misalignment of teeth)
- Breathing difficulties, particularly during sleep
- Speech problems due to dental alignment issues
- Aesthetic concerns related to the facial appearance
Diagnosis
- Physical Examination: Initial assessment by evaluating facial symmetry and dental occlusion.
- Imaging: X-rays or 3D CT scans to evaluate bone structure and development.
- Orthodontic Assessment: To determine the impact on dental alignment and palate.
Treatment Options
- Orthodontic Treatment: Braces or other dental devices to correct teeth alignment.
- Orthognathic Surgery: Surgical repositioning of the maxilla to enhance facial symmetry and function.
- Speech Therapy: If speech is affected, therapy can help improve communication.
Prognosis and Follow-Up
- Outcomes: Generally favorable with treatment; significant improvements in facial aesthetics and function.
- Follow-Up: Regular follow-ups are essential to monitor development and orthodontic adjustments.
Complications
- If untreated, maxillary hypoplasia may lead to severe dental malocclusion, sleep apnea, and psychological effects due to facial appearance concerns.
Lifestyle & Prevention
- Early intervention in cases of mouth breathing or orthodontic issues in children can help mitigate development issues.
- Encouraging nasal breathing can reduce the risk of developing this condition.
When to Seek Professional Help
- Difficulty in breathing, especially during sleep
- Noticeable facial asymmetry or developmental concerns in children
- Difficulty with speech or chewing that impacts daily life
Additional Resources
Tips for Medical Coders
- Ensure accurate coding by confirming the diagnosis of the midface underdevelopment as M26.02.
- Be careful not to confuse this condition with other craniofacial growth disorders; verify if syndromic criteria apply.