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Idiopathic chronic gout, unspecified site, without tophus (tophi)

ICD10CM code

Name of the Condition

  • Idiopathic Chronic Gout
  • Also referred to as Chronic Gout or Hyperuricemia without Tophi

Summary

Idiopathic chronic gout is a metabolic disorder characterized by recurrent episodes of joint inflammation and pain due to elevated levels of uric acid in the blood. This condition does not involve the formation of tophi, which are deposits of uric acid crystals in tissues.

Causes

  • The exact cause of idiopathic chronic gout is unknown, but it is linked to the body's inability to adequately process or eliminate uric acid.
  • Factors such as genetics, dietary habits, and renal dysfunction can contribute to high uric acid levels.

Risk Factors

  • A diet high in purines (found in red meats and seafood)
  • Obesity
  • Hypertension
  • Chronic kidney disease
  • Family history of gout or hyperuricemia
  • Consuming excessive quantities of alcohol

Symptoms

  • Intense joint pain, commonly in the big toe, ankles, or knees
  • Swelling and redness in the affected area
  • Persistent discomfort even between gout attacks

Diagnosis

  • Blood tests to measure uric acid levels
  • Joint fluid tests to detect urate crystals
  • Imaging techniques like X-rays or ultrasounds to assess joint damage

Treatment Options

  • Medications such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), colchicine, or corticosteroids to relieve inflammation and pain
  • Uric acid-lowering therapies such as allopurinol or febuxostat to prevent future attacks
  • Lifestyle modifications to manage uric acid levels, including dietary changes and weight management

Prognosis and Follow-Up

  • With regular treatment and lifestyle adjustments, individuals can manage symptoms effectively and reduce the frequency of gout attacks.
  • Continual monitoring by healthcare providers is crucial to prevent complications and adjust treatments as necessary.

Complications

  • If untreated, it may lead to joint damage and kidney stones.
  • Chronic inflammation and pain can result in significant lifestyle limitations.

Lifestyle & Prevention

  • Adopt a low-purine diet, rich in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains.
  • Maintain a healthy weight and stay hydrated.
  • Limit alcohol intake and avoid sugary drinks.

When to Seek Professional Help

  • Severe, sudden joint pain or swelling
  • Symptoms of infection such as fever
  • Frequent gout attacks despite ongoing treatment

Additional Resources

Tips for Medical Coders

  • Ensure clear documentation regarding the location and severity of the gout.
  • Confirm the absence of tophi to accurately use the code M1A.00X0.
  • Double-check for associated conditions such as kidney impairment that may require additional coding.

Medical Policies and Guidelines for Idiopathic chronic gout, unspecified site, without tophus (tophi)

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