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Idiopathic non-specific interstitial pneumonitis
ICD10CM code
Name of the Condition
- Idiopathic Non-Specific Interstitial Pneumonitis (NSIP)
Summary
Idiopathic Non-Specific Interstitial Pneumonitis (NSIP) is a type of lung disease characterized by inflammation and scarring of the lung interstitium, the tissue surrounding and supporting the alveoli. "Idiopathic" means the cause is unknown, making it challenging to pinpoint why the disease develops in some individuals.
Causes
- The exact cause of idiopathic NSIP is unknown. It is termed "idiopathic" because it manifests without an identifiable underlying cause, distinguishing it from similar conditions linked to external factors.
Risk Factors
- Age: More commonly seen in middle-aged adults.
- Gender: Slightly more prevalent in females.
- Smoking history can be a potential risk factor.
- Family history of interstitial lung diseases.
Symptoms
- Shortness of breath (dyspnea), particularly during exertion.
- Persistent dry cough.
- Fatigue and general malaise.
Diagnosis
- High-resolution CT (HRCT) of the chest to identify patterns typical of NSIP.
- Pulmonary function tests to assess lung capacity and function.
- Lung biopsy may be performed to confirm the diagnosis.
Treatment Options
- Corticosteroids such as prednisone to reduce inflammation.
- Immunosuppressive medications like azathioprine or mycophenolate mofetil can be used for severe cases.
- Oxygen therapy might be necessary for patients with significant breathing difficulties.
- Regular monitoring and supportive care.
Prognosis and Follow-Up
- The prognosis varies; some patients respond well to treatment, while others may progressively worsen.
- Long-term follow-up with pulmonary specialists is important to monitor disease progression and manage symptoms.
Complications
- Progressive pulmonary fibrosis leading to compromised lung function.
- Respiratory failure in advanced cases.
- Increased susceptibility to lung infections.
Lifestyle & Prevention
- Smoking cessation is crucial.
- Regular physical activity as tolerated to improve cardiovascular and respiratory health.
- Avoidance of environmental pollutants and irritants.
When to Seek Professional Help
- Worsening shortness of breath.
- Persistent cough that does not improve with conventional treatments.
- New or worsening symptoms of respiratory distress.
Additional Resources
- American Lung Association: lung.org
- Pulmonary Fibrosis Foundation: pulmonaryfibrosis.org
Tips for Medical Coders
- Ensure to use the correct ICD code J84.113 for Idiopathic Non-Specific Interstitial Pneumonitis.
- Be aware of distinguishing characteristics that separate NSIP from other interstitial lung diseases.
- Verify clinical documentation to support the idiopathic classification and rule out secondary causes.