Name of the Condition

• Benign Paroxysmal Vertigo, Left Ear (BPV, Left Ear)

Summary

• Benign paroxysmal vertigo (BPV) is a common inner ear disorder that causes brief episodes of dizziness or vertigo, typically triggered by changes in the head's position. In this instance, it affects the left ear.

Causes

• BPV is often caused by the displacement of small calcium carbonate crystals within the utricle of the inner ear, leading to the erroneous detection of head movements.

Risk Factors

• Advanced age, a history of inner ear infections, head trauma, and previous episodes of vertigo are common risk factors. Females and individuals with a family history of BPV may also be more susceptible.

Symptoms

• Sudden episodes of dizziness or a spinning sensation, nausea, unsteadiness, and, occasionally, positional nystagmus (involuntary eye movements).

Diagnosis

• Diagnosis typically involves a medical history review and physical examination, including the Dix-Hallpike maneuver or the supine roll test, to provoke vertigo and nystagmus.

Treatment Options

• The most common treatment is the Epley maneuver, a series of specific head and body movements to reposition inner ear crystals. Medications like antihistamines or antiemetics may be prescribed to alleviate symptoms.

Prognosis and Follow-Up

• BPV has a good prognosis with treatment; symptoms often resolve within days to weeks. Follow-up may involve repeat repositioning maneuvers or balance therapy if symptoms persist.

Complications

• If untreated, BPV can lead to an increased risk of falls or balance-related injuries. Recurrence of symptoms is also possible, necessitating further treatment.

Lifestyle & Prevention

• Adequate hydration, avoiding prolonged bed rest, and engaging in balance exercises may help manage symptoms. Preventive measures include minimizing head trauma and managing risk factors.

When to Seek Professional Help

• If you experience sudden, severe vertigo, hearing loss, or neurological symptoms such as double vision or weakness, immediate medical attention is warranted.

Additional Resources

• Vestibular Disorders Association (VEDA)
• American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery

Tips for Medical Coders

• Ensure the laterality is correctly documented as "left ear" with code H81.12.
• Avoid miscoding as central vertigo or unspecified vertigo by confirming the peripheral nature and specific ear affected.