Name of the Condition

• Hypochondriacal Disorder, Unspecified
• Also known as Health Anxiety or Illness Anxiety Disorder

Summary

Hypochondriacal disorder is a mental health condition characterized by an excessive preoccupation or fear of having a serious, undiagnosed medical illness. This anxiety persists despite reassurance from medical evaluations and can lead to significant distress and impairment in daily functioning.

Causes

• The precise cause is unknown, but it is believed to result from a combination of psychological, biological, and environmental factors.
• A history of childhood illness or trauma, or having parents who were excessively concerned with health may contribute.

Risk Factors

• Family history of mental health disorders such as depression or anxiety.
• Major life stressors or a history of abuse or trauma.
• Highly sensitive disposition or negative outlook on life.

Symptoms

• Persistent worry about having a serious illness.
• Frequent medical appointments and examinations.
• Avoidance of situations due to fear of illness.
• Excessive health-related internet searches.

Diagnosis

• Primarily diagnosed based on thorough psychological evaluation and excluding other medical conditions through necessary physical examinations.

Treatment Options

• Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) is the most effective form of psychotherapy for managing symptoms.
• Antidepressants, such as SSRIs, may be prescribed to help ease anxiety and related symptoms.
• Ongoing support from health professionals is important.

Prognosis and Follow-Up

• With proper treatment, individuals can manage symptoms effectively.
• Long-term patient outcomes can be improved with consistent therapy and follow-up appointments.

Complications

• Severe anxiety can lead to depression and impact relationships and occupational functioning if left untreated.
• Increased risk of developing other mental health disorders like generalized anxiety disorder.

Lifestyle & Prevention

• Stress management techniques such as mindfulness and relaxation exercises can help.
• Establishing a strong, supportive social network.
• Educating patients about the disorder to reduce fear and misunderstandings related to symptoms.

When to Seek Professional Help

• Persistent and excessive worry about health without any medical basis.
• Distress that interferes with daily life and normal functioning.
• Significant deterioration in mood or increased avoidance behaviors.

Additional Resources

• Anxiety and Depression Association of America (ADAA)
• National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH)
• Support groups such as Health Anxiety Support

Tips for Medical Coders

• Ensure the distinction between hypochondriasis and other anxiety disorders is clear for accurate coding.
• Verify that adequate clinical information supports the code F45.20, documenting the persistent preoccupation and distress despite medical reassurance.