E09.3549 Drug or chemical induced diabetes mellitus with proliferative diabetic retinopathy with combined traction retinal detachment and rhegmatogenous retinal detachment, unspecified eye

ICD10CM code

#### Name of the Condition
- Drug or Chemical Induced Diabetes Mellitus with Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy with Combined Traction Retinal Detachment and Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment, Unspecified Eye (ICD-10 Code: E09.3549)

#### Summary
- This condition is a specific form of diabetes mellitus that occurs as a result of drug or chemical exposure. It is characterized by advanced diabetic eye disease, where the retina is affected by both traction and rhegmatogenous detachments, potentially leading to vision impairments.

#### Causes
- The condition is induced by exposure to certain drugs or chemicals that impact insulin regulation, leading to diabetes. Proliferative diabetic retinopathy results as diabetes progresses, causing abnormal blood vessel growth in the retina.

#### Risk Factors
- Use of medications or exposure to chemicals known to affect glucose metabolism.
- Pre-existing diabetes or family history of diabetes.
- Other risk factors for diabetic retinopathy such as long-standing diabetes or poorly controlled blood sugar levels.

#### Symptoms
- Blurred vision or sudden loss of vision.
- Presence of floaters or dark spots in the vision.
- Pain or redness in the eye, though not as common.

#### Diagnosis
- Blood tests to confirm abnormal glucose levels indicating diabetes.
- Comprehensive eye examination with retinal imaging.
- Optical coherence tomography (OCT) and fluorescein angiography to assess retinal detachment.

#### Treatment Options
- Managing underlying diabetes through medications such as insulin or oral hypoglycemics.
- Anti-VEGF injections to control retinal blood vessel growth.
- Laser therapy to seal retinal tears or detachment.
- Surgical options like vitrectomy to reattach the retina.

#### Prognosis and Follow-Up
- Timely treatment can stabilize vision and prevent further vision loss, though complete restoration of vision is rare once extensive damage has occurred. 
- Requires regular monitoring by an ophthalmologist to manage eye health and a diabetologist for diabetes control.

#### Complications
- Severe vision impairment or blindness if untreated.
- Increased risk of recurrent retinal detachments.
- Potential for additional diabetic complications such as neuropathy or nephropathy.

#### Lifestyle & Prevention
- Adhere to a diabetes-friendly diet and regular exercise to control blood sugar levels.
- Avoid exposure to known causative drugs or chemicals.
- Consistent eye exams to catch early signs of retinal changes.

#### When to Seek Professional Help
- Sudden changes in vision, flashes of light, or a sudden increase in floaters should be addressed promptly.

#### Additional Resources
- American Diabetes Association (ADA)
- American Academy of Ophthalmology (AAO)
- Diabetic Retinopathy Support Groups

#### Tips for Medical Coders
- Ensure coding specificity by confirming drug or chemical induction in the medical history.
- Avoid undercoding by ensuring all complications, such as retinal detachments, are captured.

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