C79.11 Secondary malignant neoplasm of bladder

ICD10CM code

#### Name of the Condition
- Secondary Malignant Neoplasm of Bladder (ICD-10: C79.11)

#### Summary
Secondary malignant neoplasm of the bladder refers to cancer that has spread to the bladder from another part of the body. It is not primary bladder cancer, but rather a metastatic cancer indicating that another primary cancer is present elsewhere in the body.

#### Causes
This condition occurs when cancer cells from a primary tumor in a different organ detach, travel through the bloodstream or lymphatic system, and establish a new tumor in the bladder. Common primary sites include the lungs, breast, and prostate.

#### Risk Factors
- Having a history of cancer, especially cancers likely to metastasize, such as lung, breast, or prostate cancer.
- Factors associated with the primary cancer’s risk such as smoking for lung cancer or genetic predispositions in breast cancer.
  
#### Symptoms
- Hematuria (blood in the urine)
- Pelvic pain
- Frequent urination or urgency
- Dysuria (painful urination)

#### Diagnosis
- Imaging tests such as CT scans, MRI, or PET scans to detect metastasis.
- Cystoscopy to directly visualize the bladder.
- Biopsy of bladder tissue to confirm the presence of cancer cells.

#### Treatment Options
- Chemotherapy to target cancer cells that have spread.
- Radiation therapy for palliative care or specific targeting of tumors.
- Surgical intervention may be limited but can include procedures to alleviate symptoms or complications.

#### Prognosis and Follow-Up
The prognosis depends on the primary cancer type, the extent of metastasis, and the patient’s overall health. Frequent follow-ups are necessary to monitor disease progression and response to treatment. 

#### Complications
- Urinary obstruction
- Renal failure due to blockage of urine flow from the kidneys
- Spread to other organs leading to further complications

#### Lifestyle & Prevention
- Although metastasis can be challenging to prevent, maintaining a healthy lifestyle to lower the risk of primary cancers is important.
- Early detection and treatment of primary cancers through regular screenings can help reduce the risk of metastasis.

#### When to Seek Professional Help
- Sudden onset of blood in urine
- Severe pelvic or back pain
- Unusual weight loss or fatigue
  
#### Additional Resources
- American Cancer Society: [cancer.org](https://www.cancer.org)
- National Cancer Institute: [cancer.gov](https://www.cancer.gov)
- Bladder Cancer Advocacy Network: [bcan.org](https://www.bcan.org)

#### Tips for Medical Coders
- Ensure the primary site of the cancer is documented, as secondary codes like C79.11 should be accompanied by the primary site code.
- Be accurate in distinguishing between primary and secondary neoplasms to avoid misclassification.

Medical Policies and Guidelines for Secondary malignant neoplasm of bladder

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