Chronic Intestinal Amebiasis (ICD Code: A06.1)

Name of the Condition

• Common Name: Chronic Intestinal Amebiasis
• Medical Term: Amebic colitis

Summary

Chronic intestinal amebiasis is a long-term infection of the intestines caused by the parasite Entamoeba histolytica. It typically results in prolonged and recurrent abdominal pain, diarrhea, and other gastrointestinal disturbances.

Causes

• Infection with the parasite Entamoeba histolytica, usually due to ingesting contaminated food or water.

Risk Factors

• Living in or traveling to regions with poor sanitation.
• Consuming contaminated food or water.
• Weakened immune system which can increase susceptibility to infections.
• Close contact with an infected individual.

Symptoms

• Persistent or recurring diarrhea, sometimes with mucus and blood.
• Abdominal pain or cramping.
• Fatigue and weight loss.
• Fever in severe cases.

Diagnosis

• Stool examination for the presence of E. histolytica cysts/trophozoites.
• Serological tests to detect antibodies.
• Colonoscopy with biopsy in uncertain cases.
• Imaging studies (e.g., ultrasound, CT scan) if complications like liver abscess are suspected.

Treatment Options

• Antiparasitic medications: Metronidazole or tinidazole to kill trophozoites.
• Follow-up treatment with luminal agents such as paromomycin to eliminate cysts.
• Rehydration therapy if dehydration occurs.

Prognosis and Follow-Up

• With timely and appropriate treatment, the prognosis is generally good.
• Regular follow-up is important to ensure the infection is cleared and to address any lasting gastrointestinal issues.

Complications

• Potential progression to more severe forms such as amebic liver abscess.
• Chronic diarrhea can lead to dehydration and malnutrition.

Lifestyle & Prevention

• Practice good hygiene: regular hand washing.
• Use safe drinking water; avoid potentially contaminated food or drinks.
• Wash fruits and vegetables thoroughly before consumption.
• Educate on sanitation practices in endemic areas.

When to Seek Professional Help

• Persistent diarrhea lasting more than a few days.
• Severe abdominal pain or the presence of blood in the stool.
• High fever or signs of dehydration (e.g., lightheadedness, dry mouth).

Additional Resources

• Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
• World Health Organization (WHO)
• American Gastroenterological Association

Tips for Medical Coders

• Ensure accuracy in identifying chronic as opposed to acute amebiasis.
• Double-check for additional codes if complications or related conditions are present.
• Common coding errors include confusing the chronic (A06.1) with acute (A06.0) amebiasis; ensure documentation specifies the duration and chronic nature of the condition.