Name of the Procedure:

Common Names:

• IV Fluids
• 5% Dextrose and 0.45% Normal Saline

Medical Terms:

• Intravenous Infusion of 5% Dextrose with 0.45% NaCl, 1000 ml
• HCPCS Procedure Code: S5010

Summary

An IV infusion of 5% dextrose in 0.45% normal saline involves administering a sterile solution containing both glucose and a saline mix directly into a patient’s vein. This can be used for hydration, providing essential nutrients and electrolytes, and as a vehicle for other medications.

Purpose

This procedure is used to address various medical conditions, such as dehydration, low blood sugar (hypoglycemia), and electrolyte imbalances. The goals include rehydrating the patient, stabilizing blood sugar levels, and ensuring the appropriate balance of electrolytes in the body.

Indications

• Dehydration due to illness, excessive sweating, or fluid loss
• Hypoglycemia or low blood sugar levels
• Electrolyte imbalances
• Pre-operative and post-operative fluid maintenance
• Nutritional support for patients unable to eat or drink adequately

Preparation

• Patients may need to undergo blood tests to determine electrolyte levels and blood glucose levels before administration.

• No specific fasting or medication adjustments are usually necessary unless specified by the healthcare provider.

  Procedure Description

  1. The healthcare provider confirms the need for IV fluids based on clinical evaluation.
  2. An IV line is established, usually in the patient’s arm.
  3. The 5% dextrose and 0.45% normal saline infusion bag is connected to the IV line.
  4. The infusion rate is set based on the patient’s needs, which could be a continuous drip or intermittent doses.
  5. The patient’s vital signs and fluid balance are monitored throughout the infusion.
  6. Adjustments to the infusion rate may be made based on the patient’s response.

Tools and Equipment:

• IV catheter and tubing
• Sterile 1000 ml bag of 5% Dextrose and 0.45% NaCl solution
• Infusion pump (if required)

Anesthesia or Sedation:

• Not applicable for this procedure

Duration

The duration of the infusion can vary depending on the patient’s needs, ranging from a few hours to continuous administration over several days.

Setting

• Hospital (inpatient or outpatient)
• Outpatient clinic
• Observation unit

Personnel

• Registered Nurse (RN)
• Licensed Practical Nurse (LPN)
• Physician or healthcare provider overseeing the treatment

Risks and Complications

• Common: Mild swelling at the IV site, minor discomfort
• Rare: Infection at the IV site, vein inflammation (phlebitis), fluid overload, electrolyte imbalances, allergic reactions

Benefits

• Effective rehydration
• Stabilization of blood sugar levels
• Restoration of electrolyte balance Patients can often begin to feel the benefits within a few hours of starting the infusion.

Recovery

• Patients may be advised to minimize movement of the arm with the IV line.
• Monitor IV site for any signs of infection.
• Follow-up appointments may be scheduled to reassess fluid and electrolyte status.

Alternatives

• Oral rehydration solutions for mild dehydration
• Other IV fluid combinations depending on specific clinical needs Oral options are less invasive but may not be sufficient for severe dehydration or in cases where rapid intervention is required.

Patient Experience

During the procedure, patients may feel a pinch when the IV catheter is inserted. There might be some mild discomfort or a cool sensation as the fluid begins to infuse. In general, the procedure is well-tolerated, and any discomfort is usually minimal. Nurses will provide pain management and comfort measures to ensure the patient's experience is as pleasant as possible.