Name of the Procedure:

Osseous Autogenous or Nonautogenous Graft (D7950)
Common Name: Bone Grafting for Dental Implants or Bone Defects

Summary

Bone grafting is a procedure used to replace and regenerate lost or damaged bone around teeth or in the jaw. It involves taking bone from another part of your body (autogenous) or using a synthetic or donated bone (nonautogenous) to encourage new bone growth.

Purpose

Bone grafting is used to correct bone defects or to strengthen the jawbone in preparation for dental implants. The goal is to provide a solid foundation for implants or to improve the structural integrity of the jaw and surrounding teeth.

Indications

• Significant bone loss due to periodontal disease, trauma, or infection
• Preparing the jaw for dental implants
• Congenital bone defects or deformities
• Stabilizing loose teeth due to bone loss

Preparation

• Pre-procedure instructions may include fasting for several hours if sedation will be used.
• Adjustments to current medications as advised by the healthcare provider.
• Diagnostic tests such as dental X-rays or a CT scan to evaluate bone condition.

Procedure Description

1. Anesthesia: Local anesthesia or sedation is administered for comfort.
2. Incision: An incision is made in the gum to expose the bone area.
3. Graft Harvesting (if autogenous): Bone is taken from another part of the body, typically the hip, chin, or jaw.
4. Placement: The bone graft material, whether autogenous or nonautogenous, is placed in the area needing augmentation.
5. Securing: The graft is secured in place, often with screws or plates.
6. Closure: The incision is closed with sutures.

Tools and equipment used include surgical instruments such as scalpels, bone grafting materials, and fixation devices.

Duration

The procedure typically takes between 45 minutes to 3 hours, depending on the complexity and the amount of bone needed.

Setting

Bone grafting is usually performed in a dental office, outpatient clinic, or surgical center.

Personnel

• Oral or maxillofacial surgeon
• Dental surgeon
• Surgical nurses
• Anesthesiologist (if sedation is used)

Risks and Complications

• Infection
• Bleeding
• Graft rejection or failure
• Nerve damage leading to numbness
• Swelling and pain

Benefits

• Increased bone stability and support for dental implants
• Improved oral function and aesthetics
• Prevention of further bone loss
• Enhanced ability to chew and speak

The benefits can often be realized within a few months as the bone integration occurs.

Recovery

• Post-procedure instructions include avoiding strenuous activities and following a soft diet.
• Pain management with prescribed medications.
• Swelling and discomfort typically subside within a week.
• Full recovery and bone integration can take several months.
• Follow-up appointments to monitor healing progress.

Alternatives

• Bone graft substitutes, such as synthetic bone grafts or bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs)
• Guided tissue regeneration
• Distraction osteogenesis
• Each alternative has its own pros and cons, varying in terms of effectiveness, recovery time, and risk profile.

Patient Experience

Patients may feel some discomfort and swelling after the procedure, which is usually managed with pain medication and ice packs. The experience during the procedure depends on the type of anesthesia used. Postoperative care includes maintaining good oral hygiene and attending follow-up appointments to ensure proper healing.