Name of the Procedure:

Parenteral Nutrition Administration Kit, Per Day (B4224)

Common name(s): Total parenteral nutrition (TPN), IV nutrition Technical/medical term: Parenteral nutrition administration

Summary

Parenteral nutrition is the intravenous (IV) administration of nutrients, bypassing the digestive system. This procedure provides essential nutrients directly into the bloodstream using a specially designed kit.

Purpose

Parenteral nutrition is used for patients who cannot obtain adequate nutrition through oral or enteral (tube) feeding due to medical conditions. It aims to provide essential nutrients such as carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, and minerals to maintain or improve nutritional status and overall health.

Indications

• Severe gastrointestinal disorders (e.g., Crohn’s disease, short bowel syndrome)
• Intestinal obstructions or issues preventing nutrient absorption
• Severe malnutrition or anorexia
• Post-operative recovery when the digestive tract is not functional

Preparation

• Patient may need to fast prior to the procedure as directed by the healthcare provider.
• Blood tests and nutritional assessments may be required to determine nutrient needs.
• Venous access will be established, usually via a central line if long-term nutrition is anticipated.

Procedure Description

1. A healthcare provider will establish venous access, typically using a central venous catheter.
2. The parenteral nutrition solution, which is customized based on the patient’s nutritional needs, is prepared.
3. The administration kit, including tubing and IV pump, is set up.
4. The solution is infused through the IV line over several hours as prescribed.
5. Regular monitoring of the patient’s response and nutrient levels is conducted.

Duration

The administration of parenteral nutrition can take several hours per day, depending on the prescribed flow rate and patient needs.

Setting

Parenteral nutrition can be administered in various settings such as a hospital, outpatient clinic, or at home with proper training and equipment.

Personnel

• Nurses
• Dietitians
• Physicians
• Pharmacists

Risks and Complications

• Infection at the catheter site
• Blood clots
• Liver dysfunction
• Electrolyte imbalances
• Potential for nutrient deficiencies or excesses

Benefits

• Provides essential nutrients when oral or enteral feeding is not possible.
• Can improve nutritional status, promote healing, and support organ function.

Recovery

• Continuous monitoring of nutrient levels and overall health.
• Proper care of the catheter site to prevent infection.
• Follow-up appointments to adjust the nutrition formula as needed.

Alternatives

• Oral nutrition supplements or high-calorie diets.
• Enteral feeding via a feeding tube if the digestive system is partially functional.
• Pros: Less invasive than parenteral nutrition.
• Cons: May be inadequate for those with severe gastrointestinal issues.

Patient Experience

• During the procedure, patients might feel the initial discomfort of catheter placement.
• An IV pump will continuously infuse the nutrition solution, which typically does not cause pain.
• Pain management and comfort measures will be provided as needed.
• Patients may experience increased energy and improved health as nutrient levels stabilize.