Name of the Procedure:

Common Name(s): Basic Life Support (BLS) Emergency Transport
Technical Term: Ambulance Service, Basic Life Support, Emergency Transport (A0429)

Summary

BLS Emergency Transport involves using an ambulance equipped with basic life support supplies and staffed by trained personnel to transport patients who need immediate medical attention to the nearest appropriate medical facility.

Purpose

This service addresses medical emergencies that require immediate transportation to a hospital or emergency department. The goal is to stabilize the patient en route and ensure rapid access to higher levels of medical care.

Indications

Specific conditions that warrant BLS Emergency Transport include:

• Sudden illness or injury
• Severe pain
• Difficulty breathing
• Major trauma or accidents
• Unconsciousness
• Cardiac arrest
• Allergic reactions with respiratory distress

Preparation

Preparation is typically minimal due to the emergent nature of the service:

• There are no fasting or medication adjustments required.
• Providing crucial patient information (e.g., medical history, current medications) to the EMTs can be helpful.

Procedure Description

1. Assessment: The EMTs (Emergency Medical Technicians) will quickly but thoroughly assess the patient's vital signs and condition.
2. Stabilization: Basic life support interventions such as CPR, airway management, oxygen administration, and hemorrhage control may be performed.
3. Immobilization: If required, the EMTs may immobilize the patient with spinal boards or splints.
4. Transport: The patient is carefully moved into the ambulance and transported swiftly to the hospital.
5. Monitoring: Continuous monitoring of the patient's condition is carried out en route.

Tools and Equipment Used:

• AED (Automated External Defibrillator)
• Oxygen tanks and delivery systems
• Basic airway management tools (e.g., oropharyngeal airways, bag-valve masks)
• Basic trauma supplies (e.g., bandages, splints)
• Suction devices

Anesthesia or Sedation: Typically, none is required for BLS.

Duration

The duration varies based on the distance to the medical facility but generally ranges from 15 minutes to an hour.

Setting

The procedure is performed in an ambulance equipped for basic life support and emergency medical care.

Personnel

• EMT-B (Emergency Medical Technicians - Basic) are the primary personnel involved in providing BLS services.

Risks and Complications

• Common risks: Minimal due to the non-invasive nature of BLS but may include discomfort or pain during immobilization and transport.
• Rare complications: Worsening of the patient's condition due to the time taken for transport. This is mitigated by the constant monitoring and immediate intervention capabilities of EMTs.

Benefits

• Rapid stabilization and transport to a medical facility.
• Immediate basic life support interventions can significantly improve outcomes in emergencies.
• Rapid access to advanced medical care.

Recovery

Post-transport care occurs at the receiving hospital where the patient is admitted for further diagnosis and treatment. Recovery details depend on the underlying medical condition being treated.

Alternatives

• Non-emergent medical transport: Used for non-life-threatening situations but not suitable for emergencies.
• Personal transport: Not advisable due to lack of medical equipment and professional care during transport.

Patient Experience

• During the procedure: Patients may feel anxious, scared, or in pain. The EMTs are trained to provide reassurance and manage vital signs and symptoms en route.
• Pain management: Limited to basic measures given the non-invasive nature of BLS procedures, but EMTs prioritize patient comfort within their scope of practice.