Name of the Procedure:

Nasal function studies (commonly referred to as rhinomanometry)

Summary

Rhinomanometry is a diagnostic procedure that measures the airflow and pressure in the nasal passages. It helps healthcare providers assess how well the nasal passages are functioning by quantifying the resistance to airflow within them.

Purpose

Rhinomanometry is used to diagnose and evaluate nasal airway disorders such as nasal obstruction, deviated septum, and other conditions affecting breathing through the nose. The goal is to determine the severity of nasal obstruction and guide treatment options, which may include medical management or surgical intervention.

Indications

• Chronic nasal congestion or obstruction
• Deviated septum
• Nasal polyps
• Assessment before and after nasal surgery
• Allergic rhinitis
• Chronic sinusitis
• Sleep apnea associated with nasal obstruction

Preparation

• Avoid heavy meals and caffeinated beverages a few hours prior to the test.
• Refrain from smoking or using nasal sprays for a specified period before the test, as instructed by your healthcare provider.
• Inform your healthcare provider about any medications you are taking, as certain medications may need to be paused.

Procedure Description

1. The patient is seated comfortably, and a small sensor is placed in front of the nostril.
2. The patient is instructed to breathe normally through the nose.
3. The equipment measures the pressure and airflow during inhalation and exhalation.
4. The procedure may be repeated with decongestant spray if pre- and post-decongestion measurements are needed.
5. Data from the sensors are analyzed to determine the nasal airway resistance.

Duration

The procedure typically takes about 15 to 30 minutes.

Setting

Rhinomanometry is usually performed in an outpatient clinic or a specialized ENT (ear, nose, and throat) office.

Personnel

• ENT specialist (Otolaryngologist)
• Medical technician or nurse trained in conducting rhinomanometry tests

Risks and Complications

• Minimal risks are associated with rhinomanometry.
• Rarely, some nasal discomfort or temporary congestion might be experienced.
• Extremely rare chances of mild nasal bleeding.

Benefits

• Accurate assessment of nasal airway function.
• Helps in diagnosing the cause of nasal obstruction.
• Guides effective treatment plans to alleviate nasal breathing problems.
• Non-invasive and quick to perform.

Recovery

• No specific recovery time is needed.
• Patients can typically resume normal activities immediately after the procedure.
• Follow-up appointments may be scheduled to discuss results and plan further treatment if necessary.

Alternatives

• Acoustic rhinometry: another method to assess nasal airway obstruction by measuring sound waves.
• Nasal endoscopy: using a flexible tube with a camera to inspect the nasal passages.
• Imaging studies like CT or MRI scans: to get a detailed view of nasal structures.

Pros and Cons of Alternatives:

• Acoustic rhinometry is less commonly used but also non-invasive.
• Nasal endoscopy provides direct visualization but can be more uncomfortable.
• Imaging studies offer detailed structural information but involve radiation (CT) or are more expensive (MRI).

Patient Experience

• The procedure is generally well-tolerated with little to no pain.
• Some patients might feel slight discomfort during the airflow measurements.
• Pain is minimal, and no anesthesia or sedation is typically required.
• Comfort measures include a relaxed setting and clear instructions to ease any anxieties.