Name of the Procedure:

Cytopathology, cervical or vaginal (Pap smear) with automated thin-layer preparation and manual rescreening under physician supervision.

Summary

A Pap smear is a procedure to screen for cervical and vaginal cancers and other abnormalities. Cells are collected from the cervix or vagina, placed in a preservative fluid, and prepared into a thin layer for automated and manual examination under a microscope.

Purpose

The procedure is primarily used to detect precancerous or cancerous cells in the cervix and vagina. Early detection can lead to timely treatment and better outcomes, helping to prevent the development of cervical cancer.

Indications

• Routine screening for women aged 21-65.
• Unexplained vaginal bleeding.
• Abnormal vaginal discharge.
• Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection.
• History of cervical dysplasia or cancer.

Preparation

• Avoid intercourse, douching, or using vaginal medications for at least 48 hours before the test.
• Schedule the test when you are not menstruating.
• Inform your physician of any current medications or medical conditions.

Procedure Description

1. The patient lies on an exam table with feet in stirrups.
2. A speculum is inserted into the vagina to widen it for better access to the cervix.
3. A healthcare provider uses a brush or spatula to collect cells from the cervix or vagina.
4. Collected cells are placed in a special preservative fluid.
5. The sample is processed into a thin layer and screened using an automated system.
6. Any suspicious findings are manually reviewed by a cytopathologist under physician supervision.

Duration

The collection part of the procedure typically takes about 10-15 minutes.

Setting

The procedure is usually performed in an outpatient setting such as a gynecologist's office or a clinic.

Personnel

• Gynecologist or trained healthcare provider.
• Cytotechnologists.
• Cytopathologist.
• Nurses or medical assistants.

Risks and Complications

• Mild discomfort or cramping during the procedure.
• Light spotting post-procedure.
• In rare cases, infection or false-negative/false-positive results.

Benefits

• Early detection of cervical and vaginal abnormalities.
• Reduces the risk of developing cervical cancer.
• Provides peace of mind with regular health monitoring.

Recovery

• You can resume normal activities immediately after the procedure.
• Light spotting may occur for a day or two.
• Follow-up appointments as scheduled by your healthcare provider.

Alternatives

• HPV testing can be done in conjunction or separately.
• Visual inspection with acetic acid (VIA) for cervical examination.
• Scheduled regular pelvic exams.

Patient Experience

• Mild discomfort similar to menstrual cramps during the procedure.
• Minimal discomfort post-procedure, with some possible light spotting.
• Pain management typically not needed, but over-the-counter pain relief can be used if necessary.

Please consult your physician for personalized medical advice.