86923 Compatibility test each unit; electronic

Name of the Procedure:

Compatibility Test each Unit; Electronic
Common name(s): Electronic Crossmatch

Summary

An electronic compatibility test, also known as an electronic crossmatch, is a procedure used to ensure that donated blood is compatible with the recipient's blood before a transfusion. It uses computerized systems to check compatibility without the need for a physical test tube crossmatch.

Purpose

• Medical Condition/Problem: Blood transfusion incompatibilities
• Goals: To prevent adverse reactions during blood transfusions by ensuring donor blood is compatible with the recipient's blood type and antibodies
• Expected Outcomes: Safe and effective blood transfusion with reduced risk of hemolytic reactions or other transfusion-related complications

Indications

• Patients requiring a blood transfusion (due to surgery, trauma, anemia, etc.)
• Patients with known or suspected antibodies
• Situations where immediate or accurately matched blood is necessary

Preparation

• No special preparation is typically required from the patient
• Previous blood typing and antibody screening completed
• Patient identification and verification steps to ensure accurate matching

Procedure Description

1. Data Entry: The recipient's blood group, type, and antibody screen results are entered into the electronic database.
2. Compatibility Check: The computerized system cross-references the recipient's data with donor units available in the blood bank to identify compatible matches.
3. Validation: The system provides a validation of compatibility, ensuring that the selected blood units are safe for transfusion.
   • Tools/Equipment: Computerized blood bank management system, electronic health records
   • Anesthesia/Sedation: Not applicable

Duration

• The compatibility check is usually completed within 1-2 minutes per unit.

Setting

• Typically performed in a hospital's blood bank or transfusion laboratory.

Personnel

• Blood bank technologists
• Medical laboratory scientists

Risks and Complications

• Common Risks: Minimal to none if the system is used correctly
• Rare Risks: Potential for clerical errors or system failures, though highly unlikely
• Management: Regular system checks, protocol adherence, and manual verification steps to mitigate risks

Benefits

• Expected Benefits: Quick, reliable, and efficient determination of blood compatibility; decreased likelihood of transfusion reactions
• Realization: Benefits are immediate upon verification of compatibility

Recovery

• Post-procedure care: None specifically related to the procedure
• Expected Recovery Time: N/A
• Restrictions/Follow-Up: None specific to the procedure

Alternatives

• Physical Crossmatch: A manual test performed in a lab setting.
  • Pros: Direct observation of compatibility; useful for complex cases
  • Cons: Time-consuming; requires more technical expertise

Patient Experience

• During the Procedure: The patient has no direct involvement or sensation as it is a laboratory process
• After the Procedure: No discomfort related to the compatibility test itself. For transfusions, standard post-transfusion monitoring will be conducted.
• Pain Management/Comfort Measures: Not applicable to the compatibility test