Myocardial imaging, positron emission tomography (PET), metabolic evaluation study (including ventricular wall motion[s] and/or ejection fraction[s], when performed), single study; with concurrently acquired computed tomography transmission scan
CPT4 code
Name of the Procedure:
Myocardial Imaging, Positron Emission Tomography (PET), Metabolic Evaluation Study with Concurrently Acquired Computed Tomography (CT) Transmission Scan
Summary
This procedure uses advanced imaging techniques to evaluate the metabolism and function of the heart muscle. It involves both PET and CT scans to provide detailed information about the heart's blood flow, tissue health, and mechanical function.
Purpose
This procedure aims to diagnose and assess various heart conditions, particularly coronary artery disease and heart tissue viability after a heart attack. The goal is to provide a comprehensive view of the heart's health, aiding in determining the best treatment plan.
Indications
- Symptoms like chest pain, shortness of breath, or unexplained fatigue.
- Suspected or known coronary artery disease.
- Assessment of heart tissue viability post-heart attack.
- Evaluation of heart function before major surgery.
Preparation
- Patients may be required to fast for several hours before the test.
- Certain medications might need to be paused or adjusted, as directed by the healthcare provider.
- A full medical history and potentially an initial physical examination will be conducted.
Procedure Description
- The patient will lie down on a table, and an intravenous (IV) line will be placed.
- A radioactive tracer is injected through the IV to highlight heart tissues during the PET scan.
- The patient will then lie still as the PET scanner captures detailed images.
- Subsequently, a CT scan is performed simultaneously to provide structural information and enhance the images.
- The combined PET/CT images allow for a thorough analysis of heart function and metabolism.
Duration
The entire procedure typically takes about 1-2 hours.
Setting
The procedure is usually performed in a hospital or outpatient imaging center equipped with PET/CT scanning facilities.
Personnel
- Radiologist or nuclear medicine specialist.
- Cardiologist.
- Registered nurse or radiologic technologist.
Risks and Complications
- Exposure to low levels of radiation.
- Allergic reaction to the radioactive tracer (rare).
- Potential discomfort from the IV injection.
- If sedation is used, there's a minimal risk associated with anesthesia.
Benefits
- Accurate diagnosis of coronary artery disease and heart tissue health.
- Helps in planning appropriate medical or surgical treatments.
- Non-invasive with minimal discomfort.
Recovery
- Patients can typically resume normal activities immediately after the procedure.
- It is advisable to drink plenty of fluids to help flush out the radioactive material from the body.
- Follow-up appointments may be scheduled to discuss results and next steps.
Alternatives
- Stress test (exercise or pharmacologic).
- Echocardiography (ultrasound of the heart).
- Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) of the heart.
- Each alternative has its own set of benefits and limitations.
Patient Experience
During the procedure, patients might feel a slight sting from the IV insertion but typically experience no pain. Some may feel claustrophobic inside the scanner. Post-procedure, drinking fluids is encouraged, and normal activities can be resumed almost immediately.