Name of the Procedure:

Proton Treatment Delivery; Intermediate Common name(s): Proton Therapy, Proton Beam Therapy

Summary

Proton treatment delivery uses high-energy proton beams to target and treat cancerous tumors with precision. Intermediate sessions typically involve multiple treatment visits where specific doses are administered to maximize tumor destruction while sparing surrounding healthy tissues.

Purpose

Proton therapy is designed to treat various types of cancer. Its goal is to destroy cancer cells by delivering precise, high doses of radiation directly to the tumor, thereby reducing side effects and damage to nearby healthy tissues.

Indications

• Tumors located near critical structures (e.g., brain, spine)
• Pediatric cancers
• Head and neck cancers
• Prostate cancer
• Patients with recurrent tumors

Preparation

• Consultations with oncologists and radiologists
• Detailed imaging scans (CT, MRI) to map the tumor
• Creation of a custom immobilization device to keep the patient still during treatment
• No specific fasting unless directed by the healthcare team

Procedure Description

1. Patient is positioned on a treatment table with the aid of the immobilization device.
2. The proton delivery machine (cyclotron or synchrotron) generates proton beams.
3. Beams are precisely aimed and administered to the tumor using advanced imaging guidance.
4. Each treatment session may last between 30-60 minutes including setup time.

Duration

• Each actual treatment session: Approximately 30-60 minutes
• Entire treatment course: Varies based on cancer type and stage, typically 1-8 weeks

Setting

• Hospital
• Radiation oncology centers specialized in proton therapy

Personnel

• Radiation oncologists
• Medical physicists
• Radiation therapists
• Oncology nurses

Risks and Complications

• Skin reactions at the treatment site
• Fatigue
• Nausea or gastrointestinal issues (depending on the treatment area)
• Rare risks: Secondary cancers, damage to nearby organs

Benefits

• Higher precision in targeting tumors
• Reduced side effects compared to traditional radiation therapy
• Preservation of nearby healthy tissues

Recovery

• Most patients can resume normal activities immediately after sessions
• Regular follow-up appointments to monitor progress
• Specific care instructions based on side effects experienced

Alternatives

• Traditional X-ray radiation therapy
• Chemotherapy
• Surgery
• Immunotherapy Pros of proton therapy: Fewer side effects, more precision. Cons of alternatives: May have more side effects, less targeted.

Patient Experience

• Minimal discomfort during sessions
• A sensation of pressure but no pain from the beam itself
• Fatigue might be experienced over the course of treatment
• Pain management and comfort measures, such as rest and hydration, are advised.