Name of the Procedure:

Ultrasound, transvaginal (TVUS)

Summary

A transvaginal ultrasound (TVUS) is a diagnostic imaging procedure where an ultrasound probe is inserted into the vagina to create detailed images of the female reproductive organs, including the uterus, ovaries, and fallopian tubes.

Purpose

To diagnose and monitor conditions related to the female reproductive system, such as ovarian cysts, fibroids, endometriosis, pelvic pain, abnormal bleeding, and early pregnancy. The goal is to provide accurate images for better diagnosis and treatment planning.

Indications

• Unexplained pelvic pain
• Abnormal vaginal bleeding
• Infertility evaluation
• Monitoring ovarian cysts or masses
• Early pregnancy complications (e.g., ectopic pregnancy)
• Investigating uterine abnormalities

Preparation

• Patients may be required to empty their bladder before the procedure.
• Wear comfortable clothing and possibly a gown provided by the clinic.
• No fasting or specific medication adjustments are typically needed.

Procedure Description

1. The patient will lie on an examination table, usually with their feet in stirrups.
2. A protective cover is placed on the ultrasound probe, often with a small amount of lubricating gel.
3. The probe is gently inserted into the vagina.
4. The healthcare provider moves the probe to capture images of the reproductive organs.
5. The procedure captures real-time images, viewed on a monitor.
6. The provider may ask the patient to change positions to get clearer images.

Duration

The procedure typically takes about 15-30 minutes.

Setting

Performed in a hospital radiology department, outpatient clinic, or specialized imaging center.

Personnel

• Sonographer or radiologist
• Occasionally, a gynecologist might be present

Risks and Complications

• Mild discomfort or pressure during insertion
• Rarely, there might be slight vaginal bleeding post-procedure
• Extremely low risk of infection

Benefits

• Provides detailed images for accurate diagnosis
• Non-invasive compared to surgical diagnostic methods
• No radiation exposure, unlike X-rays or CT scans

Recovery

• Generally, no recovery time needed
• Can resume normal activities immediately
• Follow-up instructions or appointments will depend on the findings

Alternatives

• Abdominal ultrasound: less invasive but may provide less detailed images for certain conditions.
• MRI or CT scan: offers more detail for certain issues but involves higher cost and possibly radiation.
• Laparoscopy: surgical option if further exploration is necessary.

Patient Experience

• Expect mild discomfort, akin to a pelvic exam.
• Minimal to no pain during the procedure.
• Relaxation and deep breathing can help mitigate discomfort.
• Communication with the provider can enhance comfort and reduce anxiety.