Name of the Procedure:

Ultrasound, abdominal aorta, real-time with image documentation, screening study for abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA).

Summary

An abdominal aorta ultrasound is a painless, non-invasive imaging test that uses sound waves to create real-time images of the abdominal aorta. This screening study helps in detecting the presence of an abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA), which is an abnormal enlargement or ballooning of the aorta.

Purpose

The procedure aims to identify the presence of an AAA, which, if left untreated, could lead to life-threatening complications such as aortic rupture. Early detection through this screening allows for timely intervention and management.

Indications

The procedure is typically recommended for:

• Men aged 65 to 75 who have ever smoked.
• Individuals with a family history of abdominal aortic aneurysms.
• Patients with other risk factors like high blood pressure, high cholesterol, or cardiovascular disease.

Preparation

• Patients may be advised to avoid eating or drinking for 6-8 hours before the procedure.
• Continue taking prescribed medications unless instructed otherwise by the healthcare provider.
• No special diagnostic tests are usually required beforehand.

Procedure Description

1. The patient lies on their back on an examination table.
2. A water-based gel is applied to the abdomen to facilitate the transmission of sound waves.
3. A handheld device called a transducer is moved over the abdomen, emitting sound waves that create images of the aorta on a monitor.
4. The technician captures real-time images for documentation.
5. The procedure is painless and requires no anesthesia or sedation.

Duration

The procedure typically takes about 20 to 30 minutes.

Setting

The ultrasound is usually performed in an outpatient clinic, hospital radiology department, or specialized imaging center.

Personnel

The procedure is carried out by a trained ultrasound technician (sonographer) and the images are interpreted by a radiologist.

Risks and Complications

The procedure is very safe with minimal risks:

• Rarely, there may be slight discomfort from the transducer pressure.
• There’s a minimal risk of an allergic reaction to the gel.

Benefits

• Non-invasive and painless.
• No exposure to ionizing radiation.
• Allows for early detection and monitoring of AAA, potentially preventing life-threatening complications.
• Results are typically available immediately or within a short span of time.

Recovery

• No recovery time needed; patients can resume normal activities immediately after the procedure.
• Follow-up appointments may be scheduled to discuss the results and any further action, if necessary.

Alternatives

Other imaging methods include:

• CT scan or MRI, which may provide more detailed images but involve higher costs and exposure to radiation or contrast dyes.
• Physical examination, which is less reliable than imaging techniques.

Patient Experience

• Patients will experience a cool sensation from the gel and slight pressure from the transducer.
• The procedure is generally well-tolerated without pain.
• If any discomfort is felt, it is generally mild and temporary.

Pain management and comfort measures include ensuring a comfortable positioning on the examination table and using a warm gel to minimize discomfort.