Name of the Procedure:

Magnetic Resonance Elastography (MRE)

Summary

Magnetic Resonance Elastography (MRE) is a non-invasive imaging technique used to determine the stiffness and elasticity of tissues within the body. It combines traditional MRI scanning with low-frequency vibrations to produce detailed images, which can help in diagnosing various conditions.

Purpose

MRE is used primarily to assess the stiffness of organs like the liver, which can be indicative of fibrosis (scarring). The procedure aims to detect and quantify liver diseases such as cirrhosis or hepatitis early on, allowing for timely and targeted treatment interventions.

Indications

• Elevated liver enzymes
• Unexplained liver abnormalities seen in other imaging studies
• Chronic liver diseases (e.g., Hepatitis B or C)
• Monitoring liver fibrosis progression in known liver disease patients

Preparation

• Patients might need to fast for a few hours before the procedure.
• Certain medications may need to be adjusted or paused.
• Typically, no additional diagnostic tests are needed unless specified by the healthcare provider.

Procedure Description

1. The patient lies down on the MRI table.
2. A mechanical vibrator is placed on the patient's body, usually over the liver.
3. Low-frequency vibrations are sent through the body tissue.
4. The MRI machine captures images, mapping the way the vibrations travel through the tissues.
5. These images are then analyzed to determine tissue stiffness.

The procedure does not generally require anesthesia or sedation due to its non-invasive nature and low discomfort level.

Duration

The procedure typically takes about 30-60 minutes.

Setting

MRE is performed in a hospital or an outpatient imaging center equipped with MRI capabilities.

Personnel

• Radiologist
• MRI technologist

Risks and Complications

• Generally, MRE is considered very safe with minimal risks.
• Claustrophobia or anxiety due to the MRI machine.
• Rare allergic reaction to contrast material, if used.

Benefits

• Highly accurate in detecting and quantifying tissue stiffness.
• Non-invasive with no requirement for surgical intervention.
• Early detection of liver fibrosis can lead to better management and treatment outcomes.

Recovery

• No significant recovery time; patients can generally resume normal activities immediately.
• Follow any specific instructions provided by the healthcare provider.
• A follow-up appointment may be necessary to discuss the results.

Alternatives

• Liver biopsy: Invasive, higher risk of complications but may provide more detailed information.
• Ultrasound elastography: Less comprehensive than MRE, but also non-invasive.
• Blood tests: Used for liver function assessment but not as accurate in determining fibrosis.

Patient Experience

• Mild discomfort from the vibrations.
• Staying still in the MRI machine for an extended period might be uncomfortable.
• Noise from the MRI machine, usually mitigated with earplugs or headphones.
• No significant pain is usually reported during or after the procedure.