Name of the Procedure:

Discectomy, anterior, with decompression of spinal cord and/or nerve root(s), including osteophytectomy; cervical, each additional interspace (List separately in addition to code for primary procedure)

Summary

An anterior cervical discectomy and decompression is a surgical procedure where a spinal surgeon removes a damaged disc from the cervical (neck) region of the spine. The surgery also involves removing any bony overgrowths to relieve pressure on the spinal cord and/or nerve roots. The procedure is done through the front (anterior) of the neck and is often performed when there is more than one interspace (disc area) involved.

Purpose

This procedure aims to relieve symptoms caused by a compressed spinal cord or nerve roots, such as pain, weakness, or numbness in the neck, shoulders, arms, or hands. The goals are to restore proper neural function and alleviate discomfort.

Indications

• Persistent neck pain
• Radiating pain in shoulders, arms, or hands
• Numbness, tingling, or weakness in upper limbs
• Diagnosed conditions like herniated discs, cervical spondylosis, or bone spurs (osteophytes)
• Failure of conservative treatments like physical therapy, medications, or spinal injections

Preparation

• Fasting for at least 8 hours before surgery
• Adjusting or temporarily stopping certain medications as instructed by a doctor
• Undergoing preoperative diagnostic tests such as MRI, CT scan, or X-rays

Procedure Description

1. The patient is placed under general anesthesia.
2. An incision is made on the front of the neck.
3. The surgeon carefully removes the damaged disc and any osteophytes.
4. Decompression of the affected spinal cord or nerve roots is performed.
5. If necessary, the spine is stabilized with a bone graft or an implant.
6. The incision is closed with sutures or staples.

Duration

The procedure typically takes about 1 to 3 hours, depending on the number of interspaces treated.

Setting

The procedure is performed in a hospital or specialized surgical center.

Personnel

• Spine surgeon
• Anesthesiologist
• Surgical nurses
• Operating room technicians

Risks and Complications

• Infection
• Bleeding
• Spinal fluid leak
• Nerve damage
• Hoarseness or swallowing difficulties
• Adverse reactions to anesthesia
• Recurrence of symptoms

Benefits

• Relief from pain and other symptoms
• Improved mobility and function
• Reduction in nerve irritation
• Increased quality of life

Benefits may be realized immediately or over several weeks as the patient recovers.

Recovery

• Initial recovery in the hospital for 1-2 days
• Pain management with medications
• Wearing a cervical collar if advised
• Gradual return to normal activities within 4-6 weeks
• Physical therapy may be recommended
• Follow-up visits for surgical site check and progress assessment

Alternatives

• Conservative treatments like physical therapy, chiropractic care, or acupuncture
• Medications for pain management
• Spinal injections
• Other surgical options like posterior cervical discectomy or cervical fusion

Each alternative has its own risks and benefits compared to the anterior discectomy and decompression.

Patient Experience

During the procedure, the patient will be under general anesthesia and will not feel anything. Post-procedure, the patient may experience some pain and discomfort, which can be managed with medications. There might be temporary hoarseness or difficulty swallowing. Adhering to recovery guidelines will contribute to a smoother healing process and better outcomes.