Name of the Procedure:

Urethroplasty (Reconstruction of Female Urethra)

Summary

Urethroplasty involves the surgical reconstruction of the female urethra to correct any abnormalities or damage. It is typically performed to alleviate symptoms such as difficulty in urination or incontinence due to conditions like urethral stricture or injury.

Purpose

Urethroplasty addresses urethral strictures, injuries, or congenital abnormalities in the female urethra. The goal is to restore normal urethral function, improve urine flow, and alleviate related symptoms such as pain or recurrent infections.

Indications

• Symptoms like difficulty urinating, painful urination, or incontinence.
• Urethral strictures or blockages.
• Trauma or injury to the urethra.
• Congenital abnormalities in the urethra.

Preparation

• Patients may be advised to fast for several hours before the procedure.
• Preoperative tests might include urinalysis, imaging studies like cystoscopy, or urethral calibrations.
• Adjustments to medications, including blood thinners, might be necessary.

Procedure Description

1. Anesthesia: General anesthesia or regional anesthesia (spinal/epidural) is administered.
2. Incision and Exposure: A small incision is made near the urethra to expose the affected area.
3. Reconstruction: The surgeon repairs or reconstructs the urethra, which may involve using grafts from other tissues (e.g., labial tissue).
4. Closure: The incision is closed with sutures.
5. Catheter Placement: A catheter is placed to ensure urine drainage during initial healing.

Tools and Technology: Scalpel, sutures, catheter, possible use of magnifying instruments.

Duration

The procedure typically takes 2 to 4 hours, depending on the complexity of the condition being treated.

Setting

Urethroplasty is usually performed in a hospital setting or specialized surgical center.

Personnel

• Surgeon: Specializing in urology or reconstructive surgery.
• Nurses: Assisting during the procedure and providing post-operative care.
• Anesthesiologist: Administering and monitoring anesthesia.

Risks and Complications

• Common Risks: Bleeding, infection, pain, temporary urinary incontinence.
• Rare Complications: Persistent urinary problems, urethral fistula, strictures reoccurring, issues with anesthesia.

Benefits

• Relief from painful or difficult urination.
• Improved urine flow and bladder emptying.
• Reduced risk of urinary tract infections.
• Enhanced quality of life. These benefits are typically realized several weeks after surgery, once healing is underway.

Recovery

• Immediate Care: Monitoring in a recovery room post-anesthesia. Pain management with prescribed medications.
• Home Care: Instructions will include catheter care, activity restrictions, and signs of complications.
• Follow-Up: Regular appointments to monitor healing, usually involving urethral calibrations and imaging.

Alternatives

• Dilation: Temporarily widening the urethra using dilators.
• Stenting: Placing a permanent or temporary stent to keep the urethra open.
• Observation: Monitoring the condition without immediate intervention.
• Pros and cons vary, with surgery generally offering a more permanent solution compared to non-surgical options, which may provide only temporary relief.

Patient Experience

Patients may experience moderate discomfort and a feeling of urinary urgency post-procedure. Pain is typically managed with oral medications. Activity restrictions will be advised, including avoidance of heavy lifting and strenuous activities. Most patients can resume normal activities within a few weeks, with complete recovery expected in about 6-8 weeks.