Name of the Procedure:

Aspiration and/or Injection of Renal Cyst or Pelvis by Needle, Percutaneous

Summary

This procedure involves using a needle to either remove fluid (aspiration) from a renal cyst or pelvis or to inject medication directly into these areas of the kidney. It is done through the skin (percutaneous) and does not require large incisions.

Purpose

The procedure addresses issues such as the presence of a fluid-filled cyst on the kidney or certain conditions affecting the renal pelvis. The goal is to relieve symptoms, confirm a diagnosis, or deliver therapeutic agents.

Indications

• Presence of symptomatic renal cysts
• Obstruction or dilation of the renal pelvis
• Need for diagnostic fluid sampling
• Administration of medications directly to the kidney area

Patient criteria or factors:

• Persistent pain or discomfort from a renal cyst
• Repeated urinary tract infections
• Detection of abnormal kidney function or masses on imaging tests

Preparation

• Fasting for several hours prior to the procedure
• Adjusting certain medications as per doctor's instructions
• Pre-procedure imaging studies such as an ultrasound or CT scan may be required to locate the cyst or renal pelvis precisely

Procedure Description

1. The patient is positioned to allow easy access to the kidney.
2. A local anesthetic is administered to numb the area.
3. Using ultrasound or CT guidance, a thin needle is inserted percutaneously into the renal cyst or pelvis.
4. Fluid is aspirated or medication is injected through the needle.
5. The needle is then carefully removed, and a small bandage is applied to the insertion site.

Tools and Equipment:

• Ultrasound or CT machine for guidance
• Sterile needles
• Local anesthetics

Duration

The procedure typically takes about 30 to 60 minutes.

Setting

Usually performed in a hospital radiology department or an outpatient clinic with appropriate imaging facilities.

Personnel

• Radiologist or urologist performing the procedure
• Radiology technician assisting with imaging
• Nurse to monitor and support the patient

Risks and Complications

• Infection at the needle insertion site
• Bleeding or hematoma formation
• Damage to adjacent structures
• Discomfort or pain at the insertion
• Rare complications include injury to the kidney or surrounding areas

Benefits

• Relief from symptoms associated with renal cysts or pelvic obstruction
• Minimally invasive with quicker recovery compared to surgical options
• Accurate fluid sampling for diagnostic purposes
• Localized delivery of therapeutic agents

Recovery

• Patients may need to stay for a short observation period.
• Follow-up instructions usually include keeping the area clean and dry.
• Mild pain or discomfort may occur, and over-the-counter pain medication can be used.
• Normal activities can often be resumed within a day or two, with some restrictions as advised by the healthcare provider.
• Follow-up appointments to monitor the condition and ensure successful treatment.

Alternatives

• Watchful waiting for asymptomatic renal cysts
• Surgical removal or drainage of cysts (e.g., laparoscopic surgery)
• Other imaging-guided procedures like sclerotherapy for cysts

Comparison:

• Surgical options may offer definitive removal but come with greater risks and longer recovery.
• Non-invasive alternatives may not provide symptom relief.

Patient Experience

During the procedure:

• Patients may feel pressure or mild discomfort as the needle is inserted.
• The local anesthetic helps minimize pain.

After the procedure:

• Some soreness or discomfort at the needle entry site is normal.
• Pain management includes mild analgesics.
• Clear instructions and support from medical personnel help ensure comfort and proper recovery.