Name of the Procedure:

Anoscopy; Removal of Single Tumor, Polyp, or Other Lesion by Snare Technique

Summary

Anoscopy with snare technique is a procedure used to remove a tumor, polyp, or other lesion from the anus or rectum. It involves using a flexible tube (anoscope) and a wire loop (snare) to excise the abnormal growth.

Purpose

This procedure addresses conditions such as benign polyps, precancerous lesions, and small tumors in the rectal or anal area. The goal is to remove abnormal tissue to prevent potential malignancy and alleviate any associated symptoms.

Indications

• Presence of rectal or anal polyps or tumors discovered during an examination
• Symptoms like rectal bleeding, pain, or changes in bowel habits
• Abnormal findings from colonoscopy or sigmoidoscopy

Preparation

• Patients may need to fast for several hours before the procedure.
• A bowel prep might be required to clear the colon.
• Patients should inform their doctor about any medications or allergies.
• Blood tests or imaging studies may be done to assess overall health.

Procedure Description

1. The patient is placed in a comfortable position, usually lying on their side.
2. Local anesthesia is applied to numb the anal area. Sedation may also be given.
3. An anoscope is inserted into the anus to visualize the lesion.
4. A snare, which is a thin wire loop, is passed through the anoscope.
5. The snare encircles the lesion, and an electric current may be used to sever and remove it.
6. The area is inspected for bleeding, which is controlled if necessary.
7. The anoscope is removed, and the patient is monitored for a short period.

Duration

The procedure typically takes about 15 to 30 minutes.

Setting

This procedure is usually performed in an outpatient clinic, a doctor's office, or an endoscopy suite.

Personnel

• Gastroenterologist or colorectal surgeon
• Nurse or medical assistant
• Anesthesiologist (if sedation is used)

Risks and Complications

• Bleeding at the site of the lesion
• Infection
• Perforation of the rectal wall
• Adverse reactions to anesthesia

Benefits

• Removal of abnormal tissue reduces the risk of cancer.
• Relief of symptoms such as bleeding and discomfort.
• Minimally invasive with relatively quick recovery.

Recovery

• Patients might experience mild discomfort or spotting, which usually resolves quickly.
• It's recommended to avoid heavy lifting and strenuous activities for a few days.
• Follow-up appointments may be scheduled to monitor healing and check for recurrence.
• Dietary modifications or stool softeners might be advised to ease bowel movements.

Alternatives

• Observation with regular monitoring for small lesions.
• Other removal techniques like biopsy forceps or laser ablation.
• Surgery for larger or deeper lesions.
• Pros and cons of alternatives vary based on the lesion size, location, and patient's overall health.

Patient Experience

• Mild discomfort or pressure during the procedure, minimized by anesthesia.
• Some may feel brief cramping or a sensation of fullness.
• Post-procedure, patients might experience light bleeding, manageable with over-the-counter pain relievers.
• Most patients can resume normal activities within a day or two.