Name of the Procedure:

Arthroplasty, Wrist (Wrist Joint Replacement Surgery)

Summary

In layman's terms, wrist arthroplasty is a surgical procedure in which the damaged or diseased parts of the wrist joint are replaced with artificial components. This can alleviate pain, restore some function, and improve the quality of life for patients with severe wrist conditions.

Purpose

Wrist arthroplasty addresses severe arthritis or other degenerative conditions of the wrist joint, such as rheumatoid arthritis or osteoarthritis. The goals are to reduce pain, improve joint function, and enhance the patient's ability to perform daily activities.

Indications

• Severe wrist pain unresponsive to non-surgical treatment
• Loss of wrist motion or function
• Chronic wrist inflammation
• Degeneration or damage due to rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, or trauma

Preparation

• Fasting may be required if general anesthesia is used.
• Adjustments to regular medications, particularly blood thinners.
• Pre-operative imaging tests like X-rays, MRI, or CT scans to assess the joint’s condition.

Procedure Description

1. The patient is administered anesthesia (general or regional).
2. An incision is made over the wrist.
3. Damaged bone and cartilage are removed.
4. The wrist joint is either partially or fully replaced with artificial components made of metal, plastic, or ceramic.
5. In some cases, soft tissue or interpositional material is placed between joint surfaces.
6. External or internal fixation devices may be used to stabilize the joint.
7. The incision is closed with sutures or staples, and a sterile dressing is applied.

Duration

The procedure typically takes between 1 to 2 hours.

Setting

The surgery is usually performed in a hospital or specialized surgical center.

Personnel

• Orthopedic Surgeon
• Anesthesiologist
• Surgical Nurses
• Surgical Technicians

Risks and Complications

• Infection
• Blood clots
• Nerve damage
• Implant loosening or failure
• Persistent pain or stiffness
• Allergic reactions to the materials used

Benefits

• Relief from chronic pain
• Improved motion and function of the wrist
• Enhanced ability to perform daily activities
• Long-term improvement in the quality of life

Recovery

• Immobilization of the wrist with a splint or cast for several weeks
• Pain management with prescribed medications
• Physical therapy to restore movement and strength
• Full recovery may take several months, with follow-up appointments to monitor progress

Alternatives

• Medications (pain relievers, anti-inflammatories)
• Corticosteroid injections
• Physical Therapy
• Wrist Fusion (arthrodesis), which might relieve pain but eliminates joint motion
• Pros and cons include considering the type of mobility desired and the invasiveness of the procedure.

Patient Experience

• During the procedure, the patient will be under anesthesia and should not feel pain.
• Post-surgery, there may be some discomfort and swelling, managed with medications.
• Continuous monitoring in a recovery room immediately following surgery.
• Gradual return to normal activities, with emphasis on gentle, progressive rehabilitation exercises.