Arthrodesis, posterior or posterolateral technique, single level; each additional vertebral segment (List separately in addition to code for primary procedure)
CPT4 code
Name of the Procedure:
Arthrodesis, posterior or posterolateral technique, single level; each additional vertebral segment
Common Name(s): Spinal fusion, Posterior spinal fusion
Summary
Arthrodesis, commonly known as spinal fusion, is a surgical procedure to permanently join two or more vertebrae in the spine, eliminating motion between them. This description focuses specifically on the posterior or posterolateral technique for a single vertebral segment, with additional vertebral segments listed separately.
Purpose
This surgery is performed to:
- Stabilize the spine
- Relieve pain caused by motion between vertebrae
- Correct spinal deformities
Indications
Patients might need this procedure for:
- Severe scoliosis
- Degenerative disc disease
- Spondylolisthesis
- Spinal stenosis
- Fractures or spinal instability
Preparation
Before the procedure, patients may need to:
- Fast for a certain period
- Adjust or discontinue certain medications
- Undergo diagnostic tests like MRI or CT scans
- Receive preoperative blood tests and physical examinations
Procedure Description
The procedure typically involves:
- Making an incision in the back.
- Exposing the targeted vertebrae.
- Removing any remaining intervertebral disc material.
- Placing bone graft material between the vertebrae.
- Using screws and rods to immobilize the segment while bone fusion occurs.
- Closing the incision with sutures or staples.
Tools and Equipment:
- Surgical instruments
- Bone graft materials
- Pedicle screws and rods
Anesthesia:
- General anesthesia is used to keep the patient asleep and pain-free.
Duration
The procedure usually takes approximately 3-6 hours, depending on the complexity and number of segments involved.
Setting
Arthrodesis is performed in a hospital, specifically in an operating room equipped for spinal surgeries.
Personnel
The surgical team typically includes:
- Spine surgeon
- Anesthesiologist
- Surgical nurses
- Physician assistants
- Surgical technologists
Risks and Complications
Some potential risks are:
- Infection
- Blood clots
- Nerve injury
- Non-union of the bone graft
- Chronic pain
Benefits
Expected benefits include:
- Pain relief
- Improved stability and alignment of the spine
- Enhanced quality of life Benefits may become noticeable several weeks to months post-surgery as healing progresses.
Recovery
Post-operative care involves:
- Pain management with medications
- Wearing a brace to support the spine
- Physical therapy
- Avoiding strenuous activities for a few months Complete recovery may take 6-12 months, with follow-up appointments for monitoring progress.
Alternatives
Other treatment options include:
- Conservative treatments (physical therapy, medications)
- Minimally invasive spinal surgery Each alternative has its own advantages and disadvantages depending on the patient's specific condition.
Patient Experience
During the procedure, the patient will be under general anesthesia and won't feel pain. Post-surgery, there may be discomfort and pain which will be managed with medications. Gradually, patients should experience relief from the symptoms that necessitated the procedure and can resume daily activities as they heal.