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Hepatitis B surface antibody (HBsAb)
CPT4 code
Name of the Procedure:
Hepatitis B Surface Antibody Test (HBsAb, Anti-HBs)
Summary
The Hepatitis B surface antibody (HBsAb) test checks for the presence of antibodies against the hepatitis B virus in the blood. It helps determine whether a person has immunity to hepatitis B, either from past infection or vaccination.
Purpose
The HBsAb test is used to:
- Confirm immunity to hepatitis B.
- Monitor the effectiveness of the hepatitis B vaccine.
- Identify individuals who have recovered from a hepatitis B infection.
Indications
- Individuals who have completed the hepatitis B vaccination series.
- Patients with a history of hepatitis B infection to confirm recovery.
- People at risk of hepatitis B infection, such as healthcare workers, to ascertain immunity.
- Pregnant women as part of prenatal screening.
Preparation
- No special fasting or preparation is usually required.
- Inform your healthcare provider of any medications or supplements you are taking.
- A blood sample will be needed, which is typically done via a simple blood draw.
Procedure Description
- The patient will be seated, and a tourniquet is applied to the upper arm to fill the veins.
- The skin around the draw site is cleaned.
- A needle is inserted into a vein, usually in the arm.
- Blood is drawn into a vial or syringe.
- The needle is removed, and a bandage is applied to the site to stop any bleeding.
- The blood sample is sent to a lab for analysis.
Duration
The blood draw itself takes only a few minutes. Results from the lab can take a few days to a week.
Setting
The procedure is typically performed in a doctor's office, outpatient clinic, or a laboratory.
Personnel
- A phlebotomist or nurse typically performs the blood draw.
- A lab technician analyzes the blood sample.
Risks and Complications
- Minor discomfort or pain at the needle site.
- Bruising or bleeding at the puncture site.
- Rarely, infection at the puncture site.
- Dizziness or fainting during or after the blood draw.
Benefits
- Confirms immunity to hepatitis B, providing peace of mind.
- Helps in making informed decisions about vaccinations or additional medical care.
- Useful in monitoring public health and preventing the spread of hepatitis B.
Recovery
- Minimal recovery needed; patients can typically resume normal activities immediately.
- Apply pressure to the draw site if bruising occurs.
- Maintain hydration and avoid strenuous activity for a short period if feeling lightheaded.
Alternatives
- There are no direct alternatives to the HBsAb test for confirming hepatitis B immunity. However, related tests, such as the hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) test, can provide additional information about active infection.
Patient Experience
- Patients may feel a brief sting or pinch during the blood draw.
- Some may experience minor bruising or soreness at the puncture site.
- Overall, the procedure is quick, relatively painless, and typically well-tolerated.
- Post-draw, ensure a comfortable and calm environment to rest if feeling dizzy.