Hepatitis B core antibody (HBcAb); IgM antibody
CPT4 code
Name of the Procedure:
Hepatitis B Core Antibody (HBcAb); IgM Antibody Test
Summary
The Hepatitis B Core Antibody (HBcAb) IgM test is a blood test used to identify recent or acute Hepatitis B infection. It detects the presence of IgM antibodies against the core antigen of the Hepatitis B virus (HBV).
Purpose
This test helps diagnose acute Hepatitis B infection when patients present with symptoms such as jaundice, abdominal pain, or fatigue. It is also used to differentiate between acute and chronic Hepatitis B infections.
Indications
- Symptoms such as jaundice (yellowing of the skin and eyes), abdominal pain, fatigue, dark urine, and nausea.
- Recent exposure to HBV.
- Monitoring individuals with known chronic Hepatitis B for signs of reactivation or co-infection.
- Newborns born to HBV-positive mothers.
Preparation
- No specific preparation is required for the test.
- Inform the doctor about any medications being taken as they may influence the results.
- No fasting is needed.
Procedure Description
- A healthcare professional will clean the site on your arm where the blood will be drawn.
- A needle will be inserted into a vein in your arm to collect a blood sample.
- The blood sample is sent to a laboratory for analysis to detect the presence of IgM antibodies against the Hepatitis B core antigen.
Duration
The blood draw itself usually takes only a few minutes.
Setting
The test is performed in a healthcare setting such as a hospital, outpatient clinic, or diagnostic laboratory.
Personnel
Phlebotomists or nurses typically perform the blood draw, and the analysis is conducted by laboratory technicians or medical technologists.
Risks and Complications
- Minimal risk involved, primarily associated with the blood draw.
- Possible bruising or minor discomfort at the puncture site.
- Rarely, infection or fainting might occur.
Benefits
- Accurate diagnosis of recent or acute Hepatitis B infection.
- Helps guide appropriate treatment and management.
- Provides critical information for preventing the spread of HBV.
Recovery
- No significant recovery time needed.
- Patients can typically resume normal activities immediately after the blood draw.
- Follow any specific instructions provided by the healthcare provider.
Alternatives
- Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) test to detect active HBV infection.
- Hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) and anti-HBe antibody tests for additional insight into the infection status.
- Liver function tests to assess the impact of HBV on the liver.
- Pros: Other tests can provide more comprehensive information about HBV status.
- Cons: May not specifically distinguish between acute and chronic infection like the HBcAb IgM test does.
Patient Experience
- During the blood draw, you may feel a quick pinching sensation.
- Mild soreness or bruise at the puncture site may occur but usually resolves quickly.
- Healthcare providers will ensure your comfort and manage any pain or discomfort during the procedure.