Chemotherapy administration, subcutaneous or intramuscular; non-hormonal anti-neoplastic
CPT4 code
Name of the Procedure:
Chemotherapy Administration, Subcutaneous or Intramuscular; Non-Hormonal Anti-Neoplastic
Summary
Chemotherapy administration via subcutaneous (under the skin) or intramuscular (into the muscle) injections involves delivering anti-cancer medications directly into the tissue. These medications target and kill cancer cells or prevent them from growing and spreading.
Purpose
The primary goal of this procedure is to treat various types of cancer by administering non-hormonal chemotherapy agents. The desired outcome is to reduce tumor size, slow cancer progression, and potentially achieve remission.
Indications
- Diagnosed cancer requiring chemotherapy, such as lymphoma, leukemia, and certain types of solid tumors.
- Patients unable to receive oral or intravenous chemotherapy.
- Situations where localized absorption of medication is preferred or required.
Preparation
- The patient may be instructed to adjust or stop certain medications before the procedure.
- Blood tests or imaging studies might be conducted to assess overall health and ensure the treatment's suitability.
Procedure Description
- The patient is positioned comfortably.
- The healthcare provider cleanses the injection site with antiseptic.
- Using a sterile needle, the chemotherapy medication is injected either subcutaneously (under the skin in areas such as the abdomen) or intramuscularly (into muscles like the thigh or upper arm).
- The site is monitored briefly post-injection for any immediate reactions.
Equipment used includes needles, syringes, antiseptic solutions, and personal protective equipment for healthcare providers.
Anesthesia is generally not required, but local numbing agents may occasionally be used to minimize discomfort.
Duration
The injection process itself usually takes a few minutes, but the overall appointment, including preparation and post-injection observation, may take about 30 minutes.
Setting
The procedure is typically performed in an outpatient clinic, hospital, or specialized cancer treatment center.
Personnel
- Oncologist or trained healthcare provider to administer the injection.
- Nurse to assist and monitor the patient.
Risks and Complications
- Common risks: Pain or discomfort at the injection site, redness, bruising, or swelling.
- Rare risks: Infection, allergic reactions, or tissue necrosis at the injection site.
- Management includes symptomatic relief and, in rare cases, medical treatment for severe reactions.
Benefits
- Effective localized delivery of chemotherapy.
- Potential reduction in tumor size and cancer progression.
- Some patients might see benefits within a few weeks of starting treatment.
Recovery
- Patients might experience mild soreness at the injection site for 1–2 days.
- Regular follow-up appointments will be required to monitor the response to treatment and manage any side effects.
- Normal activities can often be resumed shortly after the procedure unless otherwise advised by the healthcare provider.
Alternatives
- Oral chemotherapy: Less invasive but may not be suitable for all patients.
- Intravenous chemotherapy: Common but involves infusion sessions and potentially more systemic side effects.
- Radiation therapy or surgical options depending on the type and stage of cancer.
Patient Experience
Patients may feel a brief sting or mild pain during injection. Post-procedure, mild discomfort at the injection site is typical. Pain management measures include applying ice packs or taking over-the-counter pain relievers. Overall, the procedure is relatively quick and minimally invasive.