Professional services for allergen immunotherapy not including provision of allergenic extracts; single injection
CPT4 code
Name of the Procedure:
Professional Services for Allergen Immunotherapy (Single Injection)
Summary
Allergen immunotherapy, commonly known as allergy shots, involves the administration of injections containing small amounts of allergens to build up the body's tolerance. This specific service does not include the provision of the allergenic extracts themselves.
Purpose
Allergen immunotherapy is designed to address allergic reactions caused by substances such as pollen, dust mites, or pet dander. The goal is to reduce sensitivity to allergens over time, thereby minimizing allergy symptoms and improving the patient’s quality of life.
Indications
- Persistent allergic rhinitis (hay fever)
- Allergic asthma
- Insect sting allergies
- Patients who do not respond adequately to traditional allergy medications
- Individuals seeking a long-term solution for their allergies
Preparation
- No specific fasting is required.
- Patients should inform their healthcare provider about all medications they are currently taking.
- A thorough allergy assessment and skin or blood tests to identify specific allergens are typically conducted prior to beginning immunotherapy.
Procedure Description
- The patient arrives at the healthcare facility.
- The healthcare provider prepares the injection site, usually the upper arm, by cleaning it with an antiseptic.
- A pre-measured dose of the allergen extract is administered via a subcutaneous (under the skin) injection.
- The patient is monitored for a short period post-injection to ensure there are no immediate adverse reactions.
- The frequency of injections typically starts at once or twice a week and gradually decreases as the patient builds tolerance.
Duration
The injection itself takes only a few minutes, but the patient may need to remain in the clinic for 20 to 30 minutes afterward for observation.
Setting
The procedure is typically performed in an outpatient clinic or an allergist's office.
Personnel
- Allergist or immunologist
- Registered nurse or medical assistant
Risks and Complications
- Local reactions at the injection site such as redness, swelling, or itching
- Systemic reactions including sneezing, nasal congestion, or hives
- Rare but serious risks include anaphylaxis, which requires immediate medical intervention
Benefits
- Long-term reduction in allergy symptoms
- Decreased need for allergy medications
- Improved quality of life due to fewer allergy-related disruptions
Recovery
- Patients can usually resume normal activities immediately after the observation period.
- Minor swelling or soreness at the injection site may occur, which can be managed with cold compresses or over-the-counter pain relief.
Alternatives
- Oral or nasal antihistamines
- Intranasal corticosteroids
- Allergen avoidance strategies
- Sublingual immunotherapy (allergy tablets)
Each alternative has its own set of advantages and disadvantages, such as convenience, effectiveness, and potential side effects.
Patient Experience
- Patients may feel a slight pinch or discomfort at the time of the injection.
- Most individuals experience minimal pain, and significant reactions are rare with proper monitoring.
- Follow-up instructions will include observing for any delayed reactions and maintaining regular communication with their allergist for ongoing management.