87808 Infectious agent antigen detection by immunoassay with direct optical observation; Trichomonas vaginalis

Name of the Procedure:

Infectious agent antigen detection by immunoassay with direct optical observation; Trichomonas vaginalis

Summary:

This procedure is a laboratory test used to detect the presence of antigens from the Trichomonas vaginalis parasite. It involves using an immunoassay technique, which leverages antibodies to identify specific antigens, and direct optical observation under a microscope.

Purpose:

The test is used to diagnose Trichomoniasis, a sexually transmitted infection caused by the Trichomonas vaginalis parasite. By detecting the presence of this parasite, accurate diagnosis can be made for effective treatment.

Indications:

The procedure is recommended for patients showing symptoms of Trichomoniasis, such as vaginal itching, discharge with an unusual smell, burning during urination, or for those who have had sexual contact with an infected partner.

Preparation:

Patients might be advised to avoid douching or using vaginal creams for 24-48 hours before the test. No other significant preparation is usually required.

Procedure Description:

1. A sample of vaginal fluid is collected using a swab.
2. The sample is then placed on a glass slide and mixed with reagents containing antibodies specific to Trichomonas vaginalis antigens.
3. The mixture is observed under a microscope.
4. Any binding events suggest the presence of Trichomonas vaginalis antigens, thus confirming the infection.

Tools used in the procedure include a sterile swab, glass slides, reagents for the immunoassay, and a microscope. No anesthesia or sedation is necessary.

Duration:

The procedure typically takes about 30 minutes to an hour, including sample preparation and observation.

Setting:

The test is usually performed in a clinical laboratory or an outpatient healthcare clinic.

Personnel:

Sample collection is generally done by a nurse or a medical assistant. The analysis using the immunoassay and microscope is performed by a laboratory technician or a medical technologist.

Risks and Complications:

The procedure is low-risk. Rare risks include mild discomfort during sample collection. No significant complications are associated with the test.

Benefits:

The primary benefit is the accurate and swift diagnosis of Trichomoniasis, allowing for prompt treatment. Results can often be available within a few hours to a day.

Recovery:

There is no recovery period required for this non-invasive diagnostic test. Patients can resume normal activities immediately after sample collection.

Alternatives:

Other options include culture tests, nucleic acid amplification tests (NAATs), and wet mount microscopy. NAATs are more sensitive but might not be as readily available or cost-effective compared to immunoassays.

Patient Experience:

Patients might experience minor discomfort during the sample collection process but generally find the procedure quick and minimally invasive. No significant pain management or comfort measures are necessary.

This concise description covers various aspects of the procedure in a structured manner, providing clear guidance and information for patients and other readers.