Cholinesterase; RBC
CPT4 code
Name of the Procedure:
Cholinesterase; RBC
Common Names: RBC Cholinesterase Test, Red Blood Cell Cholinesterase Test
Technical Term: Erythrocyte Acetylcholinesterase Activity Test
Summary
A Cholinesterase; RBC test measures the activity of cholinesterase enzymes in your red blood cells. This blood test helps identify the impact of exposure to certain chemicals, such as pesticides, on your body.
Purpose
The primary purpose is to evaluate the impact of organophosphate and carbamate pesticide exposure. The goal is to diagnose toxicity, monitor individuals at risk, and guide appropriate treatments.
Indications
- Symptoms of pesticide poisoning (e.g., excessive salivation, muscle twitching, confusion)
- Occupational exposure to organophosphates or carbamates
- Unexplained symptoms suggestive of cholinergic overstimulation
- Monitoring treatment for poisoning
Preparation
- No specific dietary restrictions or fasting required before the test.
- Patients should inform their healthcare provider about any medications being taken as some drugs may interfere with test results.
Procedure Description
- A healthcare professional will cleanse the site, typically on the inner elbow.
- An elastic band may be applied to make veins more visible.
- Using a sterile needle and syringe, a blood sample is drawn from a vein.
- The blood is collected into a vial or test tube.
- The sample is then sent to a laboratory for analysis of cholinesterase activity in red blood cells.
Tools/Equipment:
- Sterile needle and syringe
- Test tubes or vials for blood collection
- Laboratory equipment for enzyme activity measurement
No anesthesia or sedation is required for this simple blood draw procedure.
Duration
The blood draw itself typically takes less than 10 minutes. Laboratory analysis may take several hours to a few days.
Setting
The blood sample collection is performed in a clinical setting such as a hospital, outpatient clinic, or laboratory collection site.
Personnel
- Nurse or phlebotomist for blood draw
- Laboratory technicians for sample analysis
Risks and Complications
- Minor risk of bruising, infection, or discomfort at the needle insertion site
- Rare risks include vein inflammation or excessive bleeding
Benefits
- Provides critical information on the extent of exposure to toxic substances
- Assists in timely diagnosis and initiation of appropriate treatment
- Monitors effectiveness of interventions in exposed individuals
Recovery
- Minimal recovery needed; patients can return to normal activities immediately after the blood draw.
- Keep the puncture site clean and watch for signs of infection.
Alternatives
- Plasma Cholinesterase Test: Measures cholinesterase activity in blood plasma, which may fluctuate more than RBC cholinesterase but provides immediate exposure information.
- Clinical Symptom Monitoring: Reliant on physical symptoms rather than specific enzyme activity tests.
Pros and Cons compared to the described procedure:
- Plasma Cholinesterase Test provides quicker feedback but may be less stable over time.
- Symptom monitoring is less invasive but less specific.
Patient Experience
- During the procedure: A quick pinch or sting at the needle site; generally not painful beyond initial insertion.
- After the procedure: Minimal discomfort; follow basic post-blood draw care instructions.
- Comfort measures: Applying pressure and a bandage to the site can help reduce bruising and discomfort.