77290 Therapeutic radiology simulation-aided field setting; complex

Name of the Procedure:

Therapeutic Radiology Simulation-Aided Field Setting; Complex

Summary

This is a sophisticated planning procedure used in radiation therapy to accurately target cancerous tissues while minimizing exposure to surrounding healthy tissue. It involves advanced imaging techniques to define precise areas for radiation treatment.

Purpose

The primary purpose is to treat cancer by directing radiation specifically at the tumor while protecting nearby healthy tissues. The goal is to maximize the effectiveness of the radiation therapy and minimize side effects.

Indications

• Various types of cancer requiring localized radiation treatment.
• Tumors located close to sensitive structures that need to be spared from radiation.
• Need for precise radiation targeting due to complex tumor shapes or locations.

Preparation

• The patient may be asked to fast for a few hours before the procedure.
• Adjustments to current medications might be needed.
• Pre-procedure imaging tests like CT, MRI, or PET scans.
• Physical examination and consultation with the oncology team.

Procedure Description

1. The patient will lie on a treatment table in a specific position.
2. Immobilization devices may be used to keep the patient still.
3. Advanced imaging scans (CT, MRI) are taken to map the exact location and shape of the tumor.
4. The images are used to create a 3D model of the treatment area.
5. Radiation oncologists work with dosimetrists and physicists to design the radiation field settings, ensuring precise targeting.
6. No anesthesia or sedation is typically required unless the patient is unable to remain still.

Duration

The simulation and field setting process usually takes about 1-2 hours.

Setting

This procedure is performed in a specialized radiology department within a hospital or a dedicated oncology treatment center.

Personnel

• Radiation oncologist
• Radiologic technologist
• Medical dosimetrist
• Medical physicist
• Support staff

Risks and Complications

• Exposure to a small amount of radiation during imaging.
• Discomfort from lying in one position for an extended period.
• Rare complications might include reactions to contrast agents, if used in imaging.

Benefits

• Highly precise and effective radiation treatment.
• Reduced risk of damage to healthy tissues.
• Optimized radiation dose based on individual patient anatomy, leading to better treatment outcomes.

Recovery

• No significant recovery time required after the simulation.
• Patients can usually resume normal activities immediately.
• Follow-up appointments scheduled to monitor progress and adjust treatment as needed.

Alternatives

• Conventional radiation therapy without advanced 3D planning.
• Surgical removal of the tumor, if feasible.
• Chemotherapy or a combination of multiple treatment modalities.
• Each alternative has different benefits and risks, potentially less precision in radiation targeting.

Patient Experience

• Patients may feel anxious but the procedure is painless.
• Guidance and comfort measures are provided throughout the process.
• After the procedure, normal activities can be resumed without restrictions.