Magnetic resonance (eg, proton) imaging, bone marrow blood supply
CPT4 code
Name of the Procedure:
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) of Bone Marrow Blood Supply, Proton MRI
Summary
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) of the bone marrow blood supply is a non-invasive imaging procedure that uses powerful magnets and radio waves to create detailed images of the bone marrow and its blood supply. This helps healthcare providers understand the vascular properties and health of the bone marrow.
Purpose
This procedure is used to assess and diagnose conditions affecting the bone marrow and its blood supply, such as anemia, bone marrow disorders, or cancers (like leukemia). The goal is to get a clear image of blood flow within the bone marrow to identify abnormalities and guide treatment plans.
Indications
- Unexplained anemia
- Bone marrow disorders
- Blood cancers (e.g., leukemia)
- Suspicion of bone marrow involvement in systemic diseases
- Monitoring treatment response in bone marrow pathologies
Preparation
- Patients may need to fast for a few hours before the procedure.
- Remove all metal objects as metal can interfere with the MRI magnets.
- Inform the doctor of any implants or medical devices.
- May need a blood test to assess kidney function if contrast dye is to be used.
Procedure Description
- The patient will lie down on the MRI table.
- An IV line may be inserted if contrast dye is used to enhance images.
- The table slides into a large tube-like MRI scanner.
- The patient must remain still while the machine takes multiple images.
- The procedure typically does not require sedation, but claustrophobic patients may receive a sedative.
The MRI machine uses a combination of a high-strength magnet, radio waves, and a computer to create detailed images. If contrast dye is used, it helps to highlight blood vessels in the bone marrow for better visualization.
Duration
The procedure typically takes 30 to 60 minutes.
Setting
The MRI is performed in a hospital radiology department or an outpatient imaging center.
Personnel
- Radiologist (specialist in imaging)
- MRI Technologist
- Nurse (if sedation or IV contrast is required)
Risks and Complications
- Rare allergic reactions to contrast dye
- Discomfort from lying still
- Claustrophobia
- Very minimal risk of exposure to strong magnetic fields
Benefits
- Detailed images of the bone marrow and blood supply
- Non-invasive and painless
- Helps in accurate diagnosis and treatment planning for bone marrow-related conditions
- No exposure to ionizing radiation
Recovery
- No significant recovery time; patients can resume normal activities immediately.
- If contrast dye is used, drinking fluids is encouraged to help flush it out.
Alternatives
- Bone marrow biopsy (invasive)
- CT scan (less detailed for soft tissue)
- Ultrasound (limited view)
- Pros: MRI provides more detailed images without radiation exposure.
Patient Experience
- Some may experience discomfort from lying still or feel anxious due to the enclosed space of the MRI machine.
- Usually, no pain is involved.
- MRI technologists and staff provide comfort measures, such as music or sedatives for claustrophobic patients.