72158 Magnetic resonance (eg, proton) imaging, spinal canal and contents, without contrast material, followed by contrast material(s) and further sequences; lumbar

Name of the Procedure:

Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) of the Spinal Canal and Contents, Lumbar Region, Without and With Contrast

Summary

This MRI procedure uses magnetic fields and radio waves to create detailed images of the lumbar (lower back) spinal canal and its contents. Initially, images are taken without the use of contrast material, followed by additional images after contrast material is injected to enhance the visibility of internal structures.

Purpose

MRI of the lumbar spine is commonly used to diagnose conditions such as herniated discs, spinal stenosis, tumors, infections, or other abnormalities in the lumbar region. The goal is to obtain highly detailed images to guide diagnosis and treatment planning.

Indications

• Persistent lower back pain.
• Numbness, tingling, or weakness in the legs.
• Suspected spinal tumors or infections.
• Inconclusive results from other imaging studies (e.g., X-ray, CT scan).
• Pre-surgical planning or post-surgical assessment.

Preparation

• Patients may be asked to fast for a few hours before the procedure.
• Remove any metal objects (jewelry, watches, hearing aids).
• Inform the radiologist of any allergies, especially to contrast material.
• Report any implants or devices in the body (pacemakers, metal rods).

Procedure Description

1. Initial Scan: The patient lies still on an MRI table, which slides into the MRI machine. Initial images are taken without contrast.
2. Contrast Injection: A contrast material (usually gadolinium) is injected into a vein in the arm.
3. Follow-up Scan: More images are taken to provide enhanced details.
4. Completion: The patient is moved out of the machine, and the IV is removed.

The MRI machine uses powerful magnets and radio waves to capture cross-sectional images of the lumbar spine. The procedure is non-invasive and usually doesn't require anesthesia or sedation.

Duration

The entire process, including setup and changing, typically lasts between 45 to 90 minutes.

Setting

This procedure is generally performed in radiology departments of hospitals or specialized outpatient imaging centers.

Personnel

• Radiologist
• Radiologic technologist
• IV technician (for contrast injection)

Risks and Complications

• Allergic reaction to contrast material (rare).
• Discomfort from lying still for an extended period.
• Claustrophobia in some patients.

Benefits

• Highly detailed images of the lumbar spine.
• Helps in accurate diagnosis and effective treatment planning.
• Non-invasive with minimal risk.

Recovery

• No recovery time needed; patients can usually resume normal activities immediately.
• Drink plenty of fluids to help flush the contrast material from the body.
• Follow-up with a healthcare provider to discuss results.

Alternatives

• CT Scan: Useful but involves radiation exposure.
• X-Ray: Less detailed, doesn't provide as much information about soft tissues.
• Ultrasound: Not suitable for imaging bones and deeper structures in the spine.

Patient Experience

• Patients may hear loud noises from the MRI machine, often mitigated with earplugs or headphones.
• Remaining very still is crucial for clear images.
• Some may experience mild discomfort or a sense of warmth when the contrast material is injected. Pain management is typically not necessary.