49320 Laparoscopy, abdomen, peritoneum, and omentum, diagnostic, with or without collection of specimen(s) by brushing or washing (separate procedure)

Name of the Procedure:

Laparoscopy, Abdomen, Peritoneum, and Omentum, Diagnostic

Summary

Laparoscopy is a minimally invasive surgical procedure used to examine the organs inside the abdomen. This diagnostic technique involves inserting a small camera through a tiny incision to allow the surgeon to visually inspect the abdomen, peritoneum, and omentum. Sometimes, samples may be collected by brushing or washing.

Purpose

Laparoscopy is performed to diagnose various abdominal conditions such as unexplained pain, infection, or masses. The goal is to provide a clear diagnosis, which can guide further treatment decisions.

Indications

This procedure is indicated for patients experiencing unexplained abdominal pain, suspected infections, or abnormal imaging results. It is also appropriate for evaluating the spread of certain cancers and diagnosing conditions like endometriosis.

Preparation

• Patients are typically advised to fast for 8 hours prior to the procedure.
• Medications may need to be adjusted or paused as directed by the healthcare provider.
• Pre-procedure assessments may include blood tests, imaging studies, and a physical examination.

Procedure Description

1. The patient is given anesthesia, usually general.
2. A small incision is made near the navel.
3. A laparoscope (a small camera) is inserted through the incision.
4. Carbon dioxide gas may be introduced to inflate the abdomen for better visualization.
5. The surgeon examines the abdominal organs, peritoneum, and omentum.
6. Specimens may be collected using brushing or washing techniques.
7. The instruments are removed, and the incisions are closed.

Duration

The procedure typically takes about 30 to 60 minutes.

Setting

Laparoscopy is performed in a hospital operating room or an outpatient surgical center.

Personnel

• Surgeon
• Anesthesiologist
• Surgical nurses

Risks and Complications

• Common risks: minor bleeding, infection, or reaction to anesthesia.
• Rare complications: damage to abdominal organs, blood clots, or hernias.

Benefits

• Minimally invasive with smaller incisions and quicker recovery compared to open surgery.
• Provides a clear diagnosis to guide treatment.

Recovery

• Patients may go home the same day or stay overnight.
• Post-procedure instructions typically include rest, pain management, and wound care.
• Recovery time is usually short, with most patients resuming normal activities within a week.
• Follow-up appointments may be needed.

Alternatives

• Imaging studies like CT scans or MRIs.
• Open abdominal surgery, which is more invasive.

Patient Experience

During the procedure, the patient will be under anesthesia and won't feel anything. After the procedure, there may be some discomfort at the incision sites and bloating from the gas used to inflate the abdomen. Pain is usually managed with medication, and most discomfort subsides within a few days.